Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
029.250° S, 027.500° E
Coordinates (DMS)
029° 15' 00" E, 027° 30' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (79)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrN-5298 charcoal NA conventional 14C 1100±30 BP 1062–935 cal BP vogel1970grd
GrN-5299 Pt charcoal NA conventional 14C 6850±45 BP 7783–7605 cal BP vogel1970grd
GrN-5300 Jf? ""ELSA"" charcoal NA conventional 14C 25640±220 BP 30260–29274 cal BP vogel1972rrc
Pta-0001 charcoal NA conventional 14C 36100±2000 BP 43065–36405 cal BP vogel1971prd
Pta-0211 ""pre-Wilton"" charcoal NA conventional 14C 29430±520 BP 34760–32222 cal BP mason1969tir; butzer1979ass
Pta-0213 charcoal NA conventional 14C NA can not be calculated cal BP pienaar2007dsc
Pta-0214 charcoal NA conventional 14C NA can not be calculated cal BP pienaar2007dsc
Pta-0231 charcoal NA conventional 14C NA can not be calculated cal BP pienaar2007dsc
Pta-0354 charcoal NA conventional 14C NA can not be calculated cal BP pienaar2007dsc
Pta-1416 OrangeSand charcoal NA conventional 14C 22700±240 BP 27362–26410 cal BP butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc
Pta-1417 OrangeSand charcoal NA conventional 14C 23400±200 BP 27826–27290 cal BP butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc
Pta-2076 charcoal NA conventional 14C 8640±100 BP 10115–9457 cal BP pienaar2008osl
Pta-350 potsherd NA conventional 14C 610±50 BP 664–535 cal BP vogel1971prd
Pta-5560 H charcoal NA conventional 14C 8614±38 BP 9670–9530 cal BP wadley2000ehl
Pta-5592 Ge/OrangeSand charcoal NA conventional 14C 31300±900 BP 38000–33857 cal BP pienaar2008osl
Pta-5593 DB (top) charcoal NA conventional 14C 12690±120 BP 15541–14490 cal BP wadley1991cbp
Pta-5596 Dc charcoal NA conventional 14C 27200±350 BP 31907–30755 cal BP wadley1991cbp
Pta-5598 G/G2 charcoal NA conventional 14C 20600±250 BP 25555–24136 cal BP wadley1991cbp
Pta-5599 O charcoal NA conventional 14C 9250±70 BP 10579–10245 cal BP wadley2000ehl
Pta-5600 JaG charcoal NA conventional 14C 8380±70 BP 9533–9141 cal BP wadley2000ehl

typological date Typological dates (84)

Classification Estimated age References
MSA NA pienaar2008osl
NA NA
MSA NA pienaar2007dsc
NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{vogel1970grd,
  
}
@misc{vogel1972rrc,
  
}
@misc{vogel1971prd,
  
}
@misc{mason1969tir; butzer1979ass,
  
}
@misc{pienaar2007dsc,
  
}
@misc{butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc,
  
}
@misc{pienaar2008osl,
  
}
@misc{wadley2000ehl,
  
}
@misc{wadley1991cbp,
  
}
@misc{wadley1991dcl; wadley1992cls,
  
}
@misc{wadley2000wcc,
  
}
@misc{wadley2005tsf,
  
}
@misc{woodborne1997ldc,
  
}
@misc{clark1999ptc,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J. 1970. Groningen radiocarbon dates IX.Radiocarbon12(2) pp.444-471.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Beaumont PB. 1972. Revised radiocarbon chronology for the Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.,
  
}
@misc{Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological Research Unit Witwatersrand University.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon 13: 378-394,
  
}
@misc{Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of Pretoria,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum27(2) pp.357-387.,
  
}
@misc{Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33 pp.45-53.,
  
}
@misc{Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.,
  
}
@misc{Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.,
  
}
@misc{Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.18-31.,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
  
}
@misc{Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.,
  
}
@misc{Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2) pp.84-94.,
  
}
@misc{Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg,
  
}
@misc{Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.,
  
}
@misc{Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.,
  
}
@misc{Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1999. iNkolimahashi Shelter: the excavation of Later Stone Age rock shelter deposits in the central Thukela Basin KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.Southern African Humanities11(12) pp.1-21.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Clark A.M. 1999. Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A search for modern behavior in an MSA context.African Archaeological Review16(2) pp.93-119.,
  
}
@misc{Carter P.L. and Vogel J.C. 1974. The dating of industrial assemblages from stratified sites in eastern Lesotho.Man9(4) pp.557-570.,
  
}
@misc{Sealy J. Maggs T. Jerardino A. and Kaplan J. 2004. Excavations at Melkbosstrand: variability among herder sites on Table Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.17-28.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

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Revised radiocarbon chronology for the Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological Research Unit Witwatersrand University.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon 13: 378-394","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of Pretoria","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum27(2) pp.357-387.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33 pp.45-53.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.18-31.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2) pp.84-94.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. 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Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1970grd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1972rrc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1971prd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: mason1969tir; butzer1979ass
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: pienaar2007dsc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: pienaar2008osl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2000ehl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley1991cbp
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley1991dcl; wadley1992cls
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2000wcc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2005tsf
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: woodborne1997ldc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: clark1999ptc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J. 1970. Groningen radiocarbon dates IX.Radiocarbon12(2) pp.444-471.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel JC and Beaumont PB. 1972. Revised radiocarbon chronology for the
  Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern
  western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological
  Research Unit Witwatersrand University.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon
  13: 378-394'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa
  - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of
  Pretoria
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter
  Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon
  23: 43-80'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation
  in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal
  Museum27(2) pp.357-387.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South
  Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33
  pp.45-53.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report
  on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western
  Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern
  Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological
  Bulletin pp.18-31.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast
  of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of
  Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age
  people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone
  Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2)
  pp.84-94.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial
  farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists
  in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology
  of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River
  Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage
  Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa:
  a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science
  37:2291–2302.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III.
  Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1999. iNkolimahashi Shelter: the excavation of Later Stone
  Age rock shelter deposits in the central Thukela Basin KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.Southern
  African Humanities11(12) pp.1-21.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clark A.M. 1999. Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A
  search for modern behavior in an MSA context.African Archaeological Review16(2)
  pp.93-119.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carter P.L. and Vogel J.C. 1974. The dating of industrial assemblages
  from stratified sites in eastern Lesotho.Man9(4) pp.557-570.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Sealy J. Maggs T. Jerardino A. and Kaplan J. 2004. Excavations at Melkbosstrand:
  variability among herder sites on Table Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological
  Bulletin pp.17-28.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog