Pta-0231

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon date from Rose Cottage Cave
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team

Measurement

Age (uncal BP)
Error (±)
Lab
NA
Method
conventional 14C
Sample material
charcoal
Sample taxon
NA

Calibration

Calibration curve
IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
Calibrated age (2σ, BP)

Context

Site
Rose Cottage Cave
Context
Sample position
NA
Sample coordinates
NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references (42) 

@misc{pienaar2007dsc,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@misc{vogel1970grd,
  
}
@misc{vogel1972rrc,
  
}
@misc{vogel1971prd,
  
}
@misc{mason1969tir; butzer1979ass,
  
}
@misc{butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc,
  
}
@misc{pienaar2008osl,
  
}
@misc{wadley2000ehl,
  
}
@misc{wadley1991cbp,
  
}
@misc{wadley1991dcl; wadley1992cls,
  
}
@misc{wadley2000wcc,
  
}
@misc{wadley2005tsf,
  
}
@misc{woodborne1997ldc,
  
}
@misc{clark1999ptc,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J. 1970. Groningen radiocarbon dates IX.Radiocarbon12(2) pp.444-471.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Beaumont PB. 1972. Revised radiocarbon chronology for the Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.,
  
}
@misc{Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological Research Unit Witwatersrand University.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon 13: 378-394,
  
}
@misc{Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of Pretoria,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum27(2) pp.357-387.,
  
}
@misc{Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33 pp.45-53.,
  
}
@misc{Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.,
  
}
@misc{Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.,
  
}
@misc{Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.18-31.,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
  
}
@misc{Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.,
  
}
@misc{Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2) pp.84-94.,
  
}
@misc{Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg,
  
}
@misc{Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.,
  
}
@misc{Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.,
  
}
@misc{Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1999. iNkolimahashi Shelter: the excavation of Later Stone Age rock shelter deposits in the central Thukela Basin KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.Southern African Humanities11(12) pp.1-21.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Clark A.M. 1999. Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A search for modern behavior in an MSA context.African Archaeological Review16(2) pp.93-119.,
  
}
@misc{Carter P.L. and Vogel J.C. 1974. The dating of industrial assemblages from stratified sites in eastern Lesotho.Man9(4) pp.557-570.,
  
}
@misc{Sealy J. Maggs T. Jerardino A. and Kaplan J. 2004. Excavations at Melkbosstrand: variability among herder sites on Table Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.17-28.,
  
}

{"bibtex_key":"pienaar2007dsc","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}]{"bibtex_key":"vogel1970grd","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"vogel1972rrc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"vogel1971prd","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"mason1969tir; butzer1979ass","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"pienaar2008osl","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley2000ehl","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley1991cbp","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley1991dcl; wadley1992cls","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley2000wcc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley2005tsf","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"woodborne1997ldc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"clark1999ptc","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J. 1970. Groningen radiocarbon dates IX.Radiocarbon12(2) pp.444-471.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Beaumont PB. 1972. Revised radiocarbon chronology for the Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological Research Unit Witwatersrand University.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon 13: 378-394","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of Pretoria","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon 23: 43-80","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum27(2) pp.357-387.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33 pp.45-53.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.18-31.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2) pp.84-94.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mazel A.D. 1999. iNkolimahashi Shelter: the excavation of Later Stone Age rock shelter deposits in the central Thukela Basin KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.Southern African Humanities11(12) pp.1-21.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clark A.M. 1999. Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A search for modern behavior in an MSA context.African Archaeological Review16(2) pp.93-119.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carter P.L. and Vogel J.C. 1974. The dating of industrial assemblages from stratified sites in eastern Lesotho.Man9(4) pp.557-570.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sealy J. Maggs T. Jerardino A. and Kaplan J. 2004. Excavations at Melkbosstrand: variability among herder sites on Table Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.17-28.","bibtex_type":"misc"}
---
:bibtex_key: pienaar2007dsc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1970grd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1972rrc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1971prd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: mason1969tir; butzer1979ass
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: butzer1979ass; pienaar2007dsc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: pienaar2008osl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2000ehl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley1991cbp
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley1991dcl; wadley1992cls
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2000wcc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2005tsf
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: woodborne1997ldc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: clark1999ptc
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J. 1970. Groningen radiocarbon dates IX.Radiocarbon12(2) pp.444-471.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel JC and Beaumont PB. 1972. Revised radiocarbon chronology for the
  Stone Age in South Africa.Nature237(5349) pp.50-51.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mason R.J. 1986.Origins of black people of Johannesburg and the southern
  western central Transvaal AD 350-1880. Occasional Paper 16. Johannesburg: Archaeological
  Research Unit Witwatersrand University.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC and Marais M. 1971. Pretoria radiocarbon dates I. Radiocarbon
  13: 378-394'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pienaar M. 2007. Dating the stone age at Rose Cottage Cave South Africa
  - An exercise in optically dating cave sediments. MA dissertation University of
  Pretoria
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cable JH Scott K and Carter PL 1980. Excavations at Good Hope Shelter
  Underberg District Natal.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.1-34.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC and Visser E. 1981. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates II. Radiocarbon
  23: 43-80'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1986. Mgede shelter: A mid-and late Holocene observation
  in the western Biggarsberg Thukela Basin Natal South Africa.Annals of the Natal
  Museum27(2) pp.357-387.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Opperman H. 1996. Strathalan Cave B north-eastern Cape Province South
  Africa: evidence for human behaviour 29000-26000 years ago.Quaternary International33
  pp.45-53.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wadley L. 1991. Rose Cottage Cave: background and a preliminary report
  on the recent excavations.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.125-130.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western
  Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wadley L. 2000. The early Holocene layers of Rose Cottage Cave eastern
  Free State: technology spatial patterns and environment.The South African Archaeological
  Bulletin pp.18-31.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast
  of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of
  Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age
  people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sampson C.G. and Vogel J.C. 1995. Radiocarbon chronology of Later Stone
  Age pottery decorations in the upper Seacow Valley.Southern African Field Archaeology4(2)
  pp.84-94.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial
  farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Klatzow S. 2000.Interaction between hunter-gatherers and agriculturists
  in the eastern Free State.Masters dissertation: University of Witwatersrand.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Beaumont PB. Smith A.B. & Vogel J.C. 1995. Before the Einiqua: the archaeology
  of the frontier zone. In: Smith A.B. (ed.) Einiqualand: Studies of the Orange River
  Frontier: 236-264. Cape Town: UCT Press.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Woodborne S. and Vogel J.C. 1997. Luminescence dating at Rose Cottage
  Cave: a progress report. South African Journal of Science 93 pp. 476-78'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa:
  a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science
  37:2291–2302.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III.
  Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1999. iNkolimahashi Shelter: the excavation of Later Stone
  Age rock shelter deposits in the central Thukela Basin KwaZulu-Natal South Africa.Southern
  African Humanities11(12) pp.1-21.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clark A.M. 1999. Late Pleistocene technology at Rose Cottage Cave: A
  search for modern behavior in an MSA context.African Archaeological Review16(2)
  pp.93-119.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carter P.L. and Vogel J.C. 1974. The dating of industrial assemblages
  from stratified sites in eastern Lesotho.Man9(4) pp.557-570.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Sealy J. Maggs T. Jerardino A. and Kaplan J. 2004. Excavations at Melkbosstrand:
  variability among herder sites on Table Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological
  Bulletin pp.17-28.'
:bibtex_type: :misc

Changelog