Acknowledgements

XRONOS is currently maintained by Martin Hinz and Joe Roe at the Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bern, supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF Project #198152). Former project team members include:

• Caroline Heitz (2019)
• Clemens Schmid (2019)
• Setareh Ebrahimiabareghi (2022)

Collaborators

• Beat Eberschweiler, cantonal archaeologist (director), Baudirektion, Amt für Raumentwicklung, Kanton Zürich
• Sönke Szidat Head of research group, LARA, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern
• Tomasz J. Chmielewski, independent scholar, Wrocław, Poland (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic)

Contributing datasets

XRONOS is continuously updated with data from a number of existing databases, including:

• 14SEA, maintained by Agathe Reingruber and Laurens Thissen
• ADRAC, maintained by Dirk Seidensticker, Wannes Hubau and Katharina V. M. Jungnickel
• AIDA, maintained by Alessio Palmisano, Andrew Bevan, Alex Kabelindde, Neil Roberts & Stephen Shennan
• BDA, maintained by Thomas Perrin
• CalPal, maintained by Bernhard Weninger
• caribbean-14C, maintained by Phil Riris
• CONTEXT, maintained by U. Böhner & D. Schyle
• EUBAR, maintained by Gacomo Capuzzo
• IRDD, maintained by Robert M. Chapple
• MedAfriCarbon, maintained by Giulio Lucarini
• MesoRAD, maintained by Julie Hoggarth and Claire Ebert
• NERD, maintained by Alessio Palmisano, Andrew Bevan, Dan Lawrence and Stephen Shennan
• p3k14c, maintained by the PEOPLE3000 Working Group
• RADON, maintained by Martin Hinz & Christoph Rinne
• rxpand, maintained by Jonas Gregorio de Souza
• Southern African Radiocarbon Database, maintained by Emma Loftus

It also incorporates data from the following published compilations:

• Böhner, U. and Schyle, D., 2004. Radiocarbon CONTEXT database. http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/ (archived from the original on 2016-12-24)
• Capuzzo, G., Boaretto, E., and Barceló, J. A., 2014. EUBAR: A database of 14C measurements for the European Bronze Age. A Bayesian analysis of 14C-dated archaeological contexts from Northern Italy and Southern France. Radiocarbon 56(2): 851-69. https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17453
• Courtney Mustaphi, Colin, 2016. Radiocarbon dates from eastern Africa in the CARD2.0 format. Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NJLNRJ
• Crema, E.R., Kobayashi, K., 2020. A multi-proxy inference of Jōmon population dynamics using bayesian phase models, residential data, and summed probability distribution of 14C dates. Journal of Archaeological Science 117: 105136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2020.105136
• D’Errico, F., Banks, W. E., Vanharen, M., Laroulandie, V., and Langlais, M., 2011. PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database. PaleoAnthropology 2011: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.4207/PA.2011.ART40
• Katsianis, M., Bevan, A., Styliaras, G., and Maniatis, Y., 2020. An Aegean history and archaeology written through radiocarbon dates. Journal of Open Archaeology Data 8: 5. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.65
• Manning, K., Colledge, S., Crema, E., Shennan, S. and Timpson, A., 2016. The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset 1: Sites, Phases and Radiocarbon Data. Journal of Open Archaeology Data 5: 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.40
• Martínez-Grau, H., Morell-Rovira, B., and Antolín, F., 2021. Radiocarbon Dates Associated to Neolithic Contexts (Ca. 5900 – 2000 Cal BC) from the Northwestern Mediterranean Arch to the High Rhine Area. Journal of Open Archaeology Data 9: 1. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.72
• Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., and Shennan, S., 2018. Regional Demographic Trends and Settlement Patterns in Central Italy: Archaeological Sites and Radiocarbon Dates. Journal of Open Archaeology Data 6: 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.43
• Williams, A. and Ulm, S., 2014. AustArch: A Database of 14C and Luminescence Ages from Archaeological Sites in Australia. Archaeology Data Service. https://doi.org/10.5284/1027216

Full bibliographic references for specific data are attached to individual records.

Graphics and photos

From Noun Project:

• Book by HDM
• 006 Carbon C by Joel Wisneski
• Pottery by Adrien Coquet
• Ruin by João Archer
• Wood Texture by Laura

Additional data and services

• Geocoding via Nominatim. Data ⓒ OpenStreetMap contributors.