Saqqara
Archaeological site
in Egypt
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
Radiocarbon dates
(313)
Typological dates
(407)
| Classification | Estimated age | References |
|---|---|---|
| Dynastic | NA | Damon and Long 1962, 248 |
| Dynasty 3 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | RC24(1982)161 |
| Dynasty 18 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | RC24(1982)161 |
| Dynasty 18 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Barker et al. 1969, 281 |
| Dynasty 2 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Berger and Libby 1967, 493 |
| Dynasty 1 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Barker ea. 1971 |
| Dynasty 1 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Barker ea. 1969 |
| Dynasty 1 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Barker ea. 1971 |
| Dynasty 1 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Barker ea. 1971 |
| Dynasty 1 | NA | NA |
| Dynastic | NA | Agrawal and Kusumgar 1975, 221 |
| Dynasty 3 | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Damon and Long 1962, 248]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC24(1982)161]
- No bibliographic information available. [Barker et al. 1969, 281]
- No bibliographic information available. [Berger and Libby 1967, 493]
- No bibliographic information available. [Barker ea. 1971]
- No bibliographic information available. [Barker ea. 1969]
- No bibliographic information available. [Agrawal and Kusumgar 1975, 221]
- No bibliographic information available. [Housley 1994, 56]
- No bibliographic information available. [Bronk-Ramsey 2010]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC13(1971)162]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC27(1985)340]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC 22 (1980) 1063]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)201]
- No bibliographic information available. [Olsson(1979)604]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)198]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)199]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1979)200]
- No bibliographic information available. [Olsson(1979)605]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)200]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC 1(1959) 47]
- No bibliographic information available. [Olsson(1979)611]
- No bibliographic information available. [Berger(1970)28]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)49]
- No bibliographic information available. [Barker & Mackey 1959]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC13(1971)165]
- No bibliographic information available. [RC19(1977)149]
- No bibliographic information available. [de Vries & Waterbolk 1958b]
- No bibliographic information available. [de Vries & Waterbolk 1958a]
- No bibliographic information available. [Suess 1967]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ralph 1959]
- No bibliographic information available. [Mellaart 1979]
- No bibliographic information available. [Berger & Libby 1967]
- No bibliographic information available. [Gillespie et al. 1984]
- No bibliographic information available. [CALPAL; Vermeersch2019]
- No bibliographic information available. [CALPAL; MedAfriCarbon]
- No bibliographic information available. [CALPAL]
- Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
- Kneisel, J., Hinz, M., & Rinne, C. (2014). RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age [Data set]. https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de [RADON-B]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Damon and Long 1962, 248,
}
@misc{RC24(1982)161,
}
@misc{Barker et al. 1969, 281,
}
@misc{Berger and Libby 1967, 493,
}
@misc{Barker ea. 1971,
}
@misc{Barker ea. 1969,
}
@misc{Agrawal and Kusumgar 1975, 221,
}
@misc{Housley 1994, 56,
}
@misc{Bronk-Ramsey 2010,
}
@misc{RC13(1971)162,
}
@misc{RC27(1985)340,
}
@misc{RC 22 (1980) 1063,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)201,
}
@misc{Olsson(1979)604,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)198,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)199,
}
@misc{RC19(1979)200,
}
@misc{Olsson(1979)605,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)200,
}
@misc{RC 1(1959) 47,
}
@misc{Olsson(1979)611,
}
@misc{Berger(1970)28,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)49,
}
@misc{Barker & Mackey 1959,
}
@misc{RC13(1971)165,
}
@misc{RC19(1977)149,
}
@misc{de Vries & Waterbolk 1958b,
}
@misc{de Vries & Waterbolk 1958a,
}
@misc{Suess 1967,
}
@misc{Ralph 1959,
}
@misc{Mellaart 1979,
}
@misc{Berger & Libby 1967,
}
@misc{Gillespie et al. 1984,
}
@misc{CALPAL; Vermeersch2019,
}
@misc{CALPAL; MedAfriCarbon,
}
@misc{CALPAL,
}
@misc{CalPal,
title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
author = {Weninger, Bernie},
year = {2022},
month = {sep},
doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
month_numeric = {9}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
date = {2014},
url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Damon and Long 1962, 248","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC24(1982)161","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barker et al. 1969, 281","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger and Libby 1967, 493","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barker ea. 1971","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barker ea. 1969","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Agrawal and Kusumgar 1975, 221","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Housley 1994, 56","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk-Ramsey 2010","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC13(1971)162","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC27(1985)340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC 22 (1980) 1063","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)201","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Olsson(1979)604","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)198","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)199","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1979)200","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Olsson(1979)605","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)200","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC 1(1959) 47","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Olsson(1979)611","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger(1970)28","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)49","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barker & Mackey 1959","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC13(1971)165","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RC19(1977)149","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"de Vries & Waterbolk 1958b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"de Vries & Waterbolk 1958a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Suess 1967","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ralph 1959","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1979","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger & Libby 1967","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gillespie et al. 1984","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CALPAL; Vermeersch2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CALPAL; MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CALPAL","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
:bibtex_key: Damon and Long 1962, 248
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC24(1982)161
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barker et al. 1969, 281
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger and Libby 1967, 493
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barker ea. 1971
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barker ea. 1969
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Agrawal and Kusumgar 1975, 221
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Housley 1994, 56
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk-Ramsey 2010
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC13(1971)162
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC27(1985)340
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC 22 (1980) 1063
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)201
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Olsson(1979)604
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)198
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)199
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1979)200
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Olsson(1979)605
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)200
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC 1(1959) 47
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Olsson(1979)611
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger(1970)28
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)49
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barker & Mackey 1959
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC13(1971)165
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC19(1977)149
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: de Vries & Waterbolk 1958b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: de Vries & Waterbolk 1958a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Suess 1967
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ralph 1959
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Mellaart 1979
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger & Libby 1967
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gillespie et al. 1984
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CALPAL; Vermeersch2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CALPAL; MedAfriCarbon
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CALPAL
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
:title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
:author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{sep}"
:doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
:url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
:abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
:copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
:howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
:month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European
14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
:author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
:date: "{2014}"
:url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
:abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"