Heuningsneskrans
Archaeological site
in South Africa
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
- Coordinates (degrees)
- 024.600° S, 030.650° E
- Coordinates (DMS)
- 024° 36' 00" E, 030° 39' 00" S
- Country (ISO 3166)
- South Africa (ZA)
Linked Data
There is no linked data available for this record.
Lab ID | Context | Material | Taxon | Method | Uncalibrated age | Calibrated age | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LJ-3135 | Stratum 3C - 290-335cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 19320±240 BP | 23830–22830 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
LJ-3136 | Stratum 3D - 328-351cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 19980±260 BP | 24727–23331 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
LJ-3137 | Stratum 3E - 404-419cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 20510±270 BP | 25295–23920 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
LJ-3138 | Stratum 3F - 450-488cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 23400±500 BP | 28702–26480 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
LJ-3150 | Stratum 3B - 221-259cm | NA | conventional 14C | 12260±110 BP | 14847–13867 cal BP | linick1977jnr | |
LJ-3198 | Stratum 2a - 69-122cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 9230±100 BP | 10658–10223 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
LJ-3199 | Stratum 3b - 23-53cm | eggshell | Struthio camelus | conventional 14C | 8880±100 BP | 10229–9629 cal BP | linick1977jnr |
Pta-099 | Stratum 2a - 76-107cm | charcoal | NA | conventional 14C | 9780±85 BP | 11399–10791 cal BP | vogel1971prd |
Pta-100 | Stratum 3B - 221-235cm | NA | conventional 14C | 13100±110 BP | 16012–15350 cal BP | vogel1971prd | |
Pta-101 | Stratum 3E - 435-442cm | charred bone | NA | conventional 14C | 24630±300 BP | 29565–28005 cal BP | vogel1971prd |
Pta-112 | Stratum 3b - 45-70cm | charred bone | NA | conventional 14C | 7200±70 BP | 8175–7871 cal BP | vogel1971prd |
Pta-114 | Stratum 1 - 145-168cm | charred bone | NA | conventional 14C | 10430±150 BP | 12715–11823 cal BP | vogel1971prd |
LJ-3135 | eggshell | NA | NA | 19320±240 BP | 23830–22830 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48 Bird et al. 2022 | |
LJ-3136 | eggshell | NA | NA | 19980±260 BP | 24727–23331 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48 Bird et al. 2022 | |
LJ-3137 | eggshell | NA | NA | 20510±270 BP | 25295–23920 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48 Bird et al. 2022 | |
LJ-3138 | eggshell | NA | NA | 23400±500 BP | 28702–26480 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48 Bird et al. 2022 | |
LJ-3150 | NA | NA | 12260±110 BP | 14847–13867 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977 Bird et al. 2022 | ||
LJ-3198 | eggshell | NA | NA | 9230±100 BP | 10658–10223 cal BP | Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48 Bird et al. 2022 | |
LJ-3199 | eggshell | NA | NA | 8880±100 BP | 10229–9629 cal BP | Gimbutas et al. 1989: 24f. Linick 1977: 23ff. Bird et al. 2022 | |
Pta-099 | charcoal | NA | NA | 9780±85 BP | 11399–10791 cal BP | Brami 2011 Bird et al. 2022 |
Classification | Estimated age | References |
---|---|---|
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
Robberg | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
Robberg | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
ELSA | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
ELSA | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
Robberg | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
Oakhurst | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | linick1977jnr |
Oakhurst | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | vogel1971prd |
Oakhurst | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | vogel1971prd |
Robberg | NA | NA |
LSA | NA | vogel1971prd |
ELSA | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [linick1977jnr]
- No bibliographic information available. [vogel1971prd]
- No bibliographic information available. [Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48]
- No bibliographic information available. [Linick T. W. 1977]
- No bibliographic information available. [Gimbutas et al. 1989: 24f. Linick 1977: 23ff.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Brami 2011]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wendt W.E. 1976. 'Art Mobilier'from the Apollo 11 Cave South West Africa: Africa's Oldest Dated Works of Art.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.5-11.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Maggs T.O.C. 1976.Iron Age communities of the southern Highveld(No. 2). Council of the Natal Museum.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.]
- https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database [SARD]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{linick1977jnr,
}
@misc{vogel1971prd,
}
@misc{Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48,
}
@misc{Linick T. W. 1977,
}
@misc{Gimbutas et al. 1989: 24f. Linick 1977: 23ff.,
}
@misc{Brami 2011,
}
@misc{Wendt W.E. 1976. 'Art Mobilier'from the Apollo 11 Cave South West Africa: Africa's Oldest Dated Works of Art.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.5-11.,
}
@misc{Maggs T.O.C. 1976.Iron Age communities of the southern Highveld(No. 2). Council of the Natal Museum.,
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
}
@misc{SARD,
url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"linick1977jnr","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"vogel1971prd","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 19: 19-48","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linick T. W. 1977","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gimbutas et al. 1989: 24f. Linick 1977: 23ff.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Brami 2011","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wendt W.E. 1976. 'Art Mobilier'from the Apollo 11 Cave South West Africa: Africa's Oldest Dated Works of Art.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.5-11.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Maggs T.O.C. 1976.Iron Age communities of the southern Highveld(No. 2). Council of the Natal Museum.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: linick1977jnr
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1971prd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Linick T. W. 1977. La Jolla natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon
19: 19-48'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Linick T. W. 1977
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Gimbutas et al. 1989: 24f. Linick 1977: 23ff.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Brami 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wendt W.E. 1976. ''Art Mobilier''from the Apollo 11 Cave South West
Africa: Africa''s Oldest Dated Works of Art.The South African Archaeological Bulletin
pp.5-11.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Maggs T.O.C. 1976.Iron Age communities of the southern Highveld(No. 2).
Council of the Natal Museum.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
:note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"