Site types
Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
035.798° N, 036.798° E
Coordinates (DMS)
035° 47' 00" E, 036° 47' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Syrian Arab Republic (SY)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (88)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
VERA-3558 wood NA 14C 3475±40 BP Roberts 2011 Weninger 2022
VERA-3559 charcoal legume 14C 3385±35 BP Roberts 2011 Weninger 2022
VERA-3560 wood NA 14C 3365±35 BP Roberts 2011 Weninger 2022
LTL-12320A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3855±45 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LT-386A fruit (charred) NA NA 3652±35 BP CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12319A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 wood Pomoideae NA 3927±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12322A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3809±45 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12323A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 grain Poaceae NA 3942±40 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12324A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 seeds Cannaceae NA 3857±45 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12326A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 olive stone Olea NA 3833±45 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12327A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 seed NA NA 3918±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12328A Royal Palace G Level IIB1 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3885±40 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12329A Building P4, Level IIB1 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3872±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12330A Building P4, Level IIB2 fruitstone Olea europaea NA 3800±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12331A Building P4, Level IIB3 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3798±40 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12332A Building P4, Level IIB4 fruitstone Olea europaea NA 3819±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12333A Building P4, Level IIB5 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3858±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12334A Building P4, Level IIB6 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3863±45 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12335A Building P4, Level IIB7 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3840±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022
LTL-12336A Building P4, Level IIB8 grain Hordeum vulgare NA 3893±35 BP Calcagnile et al. 2013 Palmisano et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (23)

Classification Estimated age References
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011
Bronze Age NA Roberts 2011

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • No bibliographic information available. [Roberts 2011]
  • No bibliographic information available. [CalPal]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Calcagnile et al. 2013]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Fiorentino et al. 2012; CalPal]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Fiorentino et al. 2008]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
  • Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Lawrence, D., & Shennan, S. (2022). The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP. 10(0), 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.90 [NERD]
  • Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Roberts 2011,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Calcagnile et al. 2013,
  
}
@misc{Fiorentino et al. 2012; CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Fiorentino et al. 2008,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
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---
:bibtex_key: Roberts 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Calcagnile et al. 2013
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Fiorentino et al. 2012; CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Fiorentino et al. 2008
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog