Site types
Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
031.917° N, 035.261° E
Coordinates (DMS)
031° 55' 00" E, 035° 15' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Israel (IL)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (41)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
P-1302 charcoal NA 14C 4320±70 BP 5275–4646 cal BP Klimscha Weninger 2022
P-2298 charcoal NA 14C 4170±70 BP 4851–4522 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2299 charcoal Lentils 14C 4200±70 BP 4861–4529 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2300 charcoal Lentils 14C 4250±60 BP 4962–4581 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2301 charcoal Lentils 14C 4250±60 BP 4962–4581 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2302 charcoal Quercus 14C 4320±70 BP 5275–4646 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2303 charcoal Quercus 14C 4550±60 BP 5445–4979 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
P-2304 charcoal Quercus 14C 4360±60 BP 5275–4831 cal BP RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228 Weninger 2022
GAK-2379 Phase III; phase III, Bldg. C; Phase 3, building C charcoal NA NA 4980±120 BP 5992–5470 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
GAK-2380 Phase V, house destruction debris; Phase 5, house charcoal NA NA 4160±120 BP 5035–4299 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
GAK-2381 Phase III, layer 28b; phase III, Bldg. C; Phase 3, building C seeds NA NA 5000±120 BP 5995–5477 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
GAK-2382 layer 4a, Area III; Phase 4, building B charcoal NA NA 4840±130 BP 5895–5314 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1302 Collapsed roof of Building C Ref A IV.300.9a charcoal NA NA 4320±70 BP 5275–4646 cal BP CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2298 Phase VIII, house destruction debris charcoal NA NA 4170±70 BP 4851–4522 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2299 Phase V, in store jar seeds Fabaceae NA 4200±70 BP 4861–4529 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2300 Phase III;Destruction layer in house next to wall C. Ref.L-I 1.31; phase III, house seeds (charred) Vicia lens NA 4250±60 BP 4962–4581 cal BP CalPal; Gilead 1988 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2301 Phase V, house destruction debris seeds Fabaceae NA 4270±70 BP 5040–4577 cal BP Regev et al. 2012a Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2302 phase III, Bldg. C charcoal NA NA 4320±70 BP 5275–4646 cal BP Gilead 1988 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2303 Phase III;Destruction layer in tower C. Ref, L-I 1.8; phase III, Tower C charcoal Quercus coccifera NA 4550±60 BP 5445–4979 cal BP CalPal; Gilead 1988 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-2304 Phase III;Destruction layer in tower C. Ref, L-I 2.2; phase III, Tower C charcoal Quercus coccifera NA 4360±60 BP 5275–4831 cal BP CalPal; Gilead 1988 Palmisano et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (7)

Classification Estimated age References
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
Bronze Age NA RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • No bibliographic information available. [Klimscha]
  • No bibliographic information available. [RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Regev et al. 2012a]
  • No bibliographic information available. [CalPal]
  • No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Gilead 1988]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Gilead 1988]
  • No bibliographic information available. [RC 192 1977 188-228]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
  • Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Lawrence, D., & Shennan, S. (2022). The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP. 10(0), 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.90 [NERD]
  • Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c] 
@misc{Klimscha,
  
}
@misc{RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228,
  
}
@misc{Regev et al. 2012a,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Gilead  1988,
  
}
@misc{Gilead 1988,
  
}
@misc{RC 192 1977 188-228,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

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---
:bibtex_key: Klimscha
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC 19,2, 1977, 188-228
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Regev et al. 2012a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Gilead  1988
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gilead 1988
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RC 192 1977 188-228
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog