Site type

Location

200 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
004.301° S, 015.281° E
Coordinates (DMS)
004° 18' 00" E, 015° 16' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the (COD)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (35)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrN-7218 T12 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 220±30 BP 310–144 cal BP van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2012b: 199 Fig. 13.b; Cranshof et al. 2018: 181; Clist 2018: 235, 238 Tab. 18.2
GrN-7219 T12 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 3385±35 BP 3699–3491 cal BP Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B
GrN-7220 T12 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 8095±50 BP 9254–8777 cal BP Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
GrN-7221 T12 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 27240±280 BP 31745–30981 cal BP Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
GrN-7276 T25 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 14840±80 BP 18260–17966 cal BP Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
GrN-7277 T7 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 41850±0 BP 44615–44590 cal BP Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
GrN-7278 T14 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 5260±40 BP 6181–5930 cal BP Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B
GrN-7279 T7 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 3525±35 BP 3889–3699 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; van Noten 1982
GrN-7668 T21 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 2225±50 BP 2342–2120 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; de Maret/Stainier 1999; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2
GrN-7669 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 915±20 BP 910–745 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2
GrN-7670 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 2550±90 BP 2840–2356 cal BP de Maret 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Garcin et al. 2018; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2
GrN-8044 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 5450±30 BP 6299–6200 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8045 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 8345±45 BP 9475–9150 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8046 T22 Charcoal NA NA 9675±40 BP 11202–10810 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8047 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 8495±40 BP 9539–9465 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8048 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 7830±50 BP 8852–8455 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8049 T22 Charcoal NA NA 8350±120 BP 9536–9026 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8050 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 11880±120 BP 14035–13503 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8051 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 11450±60 BP 13453–13180 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a
GrN-8052 T22 Charcoal (scattered sample) NA NA 10410±90 BP 12616–11944 cal BP Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a

typological date Typological dates (5)

Classification Estimated age References
MSA NA Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
MSA NA Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2
MSA NA Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a
MSA NA Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a
MSA NA Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2012b: 199 Fig. 13.b; Cranshof et al. 2018: 181; Clist 2018: 235, 238 Tab. 18.2,
  
}
@misc{Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B,
  
}
@misc{Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2,
  
}
@misc{Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2,
  
}
@misc{Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; van Noten 1982,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; de Maret/Stainier 1999; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2,
  
}
@misc{de Maret 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Garcin et al. 2018; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a,
  
}
@misc{Van Noten 1977: 39,
  
}
@misc{Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2,
  
}
@misc{van Noten 1982,
  
}
@misc{aDRAC,
  url = {https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC},
  note = {Seidensticker, D. & W. Hubau (2021), ’aDRAC. Archive des datations radiocarbones d’Afrique centrale’, Version 2.0. https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2012b: 199 Fig. 13.b; Cranshof et al. 2018: 181; Clist 2018: 235, 238 Tab. 18.2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; van Noten 1982","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; de Maret/Stainier 1999; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"de Maret 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Garcin et al. 2018; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Van Noten 1977: 39","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"van Noten 1982","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"aDRAC","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC}","note":"{Seidensticker, D. & W. Hubau (2021), ’aDRAC. Archive des datations radiocarbones d’Afrique centrale’, Version 2.0. https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: 'van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab.
  1; Clist 2012b: 199 Fig. 13.b; Cranshof et al. 2018: 181; Clist 2018: 235, 238 Tab.
  18.2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten
  1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen 1976: 592 Fig. 9; Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten
  1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983:
  444 Tab. 1B, 447 Tab. 2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen/Moeyersons 1977: 813 Tab. 1; van Noten 1982; Cahen et al. 1983:
  444 Tab. 1B'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; van Noten 1982'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1B; de Maret/Stainier 1999; Clist 2018:
  238 Tab. 18.2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991a: 249 Tab. 1; Clist 2018:
  238 Tab. 18.2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'de Maret 1982; Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Garcin et al. 2018; Clist
  2018: 238 Tab. 18.2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; de Maret 1985a'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A, 447 Tab. 2; de Maret 1985a'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Van Noten 1977: 39'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cahen et al. 1983: 444 Tab. 1A; Pincon 1991; Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: van Noten 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: aDRAC
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC}"
  :note: "{Seidensticker, D. & W. Hubau (2021), ’aDRAC. Archive des datations radiocarbones
    d’Afrique centrale’, Version 2.0. https://github.com/dirkseidensticker/aDRAC}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog