Site types
Burial mound, miscellaneous, single grave, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
051.667° N, 001.250° W
Coordinates (DMS)
051° 40' 00" W, 001° 15' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
United Kingdom (England/Wales)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (156)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
OxA-1882 mortuary feature; F5354, flat grave clustert with F5355, F5356 collagen, bone human, articulated burial of 10-12 year old child NA 4650±80 BP 5584–5053 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2710 mortuary feature; F5355, flat grave clustert with F5354, F5356 collagen, bone human, femur from 40-45 year-old male NA 4530±50 BP 5320–4982 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2392 oval barrow; base of phase 3 ditch antler red deer, antler beam and tine NA 4500±60 BP 5318–4887 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2708 oval barrow; burial 2708 in same grave as burial 2127 collagen, bone human, long bone from articulated burial of adult female NA 3860±50 BP 4415–4104 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1903 5274 collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 3480±80 BP 3973–3495 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-4355 RBH 3 collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 3785±90 BP 4417–3921 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1873 611/D/2 cremated bones Homo sapiens NA 3510±80 BP 4060–3568 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2714 mortuary feature; F5352 burial b, in centre collagen, bone human, femur, tibia and fibula from disarticulated but substanically complete ageing adult female NA 4470±70 BP 5308–4877 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2391 oval barrow; lowest fill of phase 5 ditch antler red deer, antler, base and brow tines NA 4330±80 BP 5283–4647 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2707 oval barrow; burial 2127, in same grave as burial 2708 collagen, bone human, femur and tibia from articulated burial of adult male NA 4120±60 BP 4830–4446 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2712 ring ditch 611, Layer 13 with other antler implements in primary fill, stratified above BM-2713 antler red deer, antler pick NA 3860±80 BP 4515–4000 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1883 5353/B/2 charcoal NA NA 8100±120 BP 9405–8610 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1877 4321 cremated bones Ba NA 2770±70 BP 3059–2753 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-4358 RBH 17(1) collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 3660±90 BP 4245–3716 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2713 ring ditch 611, layer 14, below BM-2712 antler red deer, antler pick NA 3950±80 BP 4790–4102 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1880 4969/I collagen, bone barrow NA 3490±80 BP 3979–3515 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1876 4245/I cremated bones NA NA 2740±70 BP 3001–2740 cal BP Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-1881 F 5352, pit central to and underlying linear mortuary feature antler red deer antler NA 5140±100 BP 6181–5608 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2716 mortuary feature; F5352, burial Am most complete burial, at W end collagen, bone human, long bone from articulated skeleton of adult male NA 4600±70 BP 5553–5043 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-2709 mortuary feature; F5352 burial c, at E end collagen, bone human, femur and tibia from partly articulated and substanically complete adult female NA 4270±100 BP 5275–4454 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998 Hinz et al. 2012

typological date Typological dates (71)

Classification Estimated age References
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
Neolithic NA British Museum XX, 181
Neolithic NA British Museum XX, 181
Neolithic NA British Museum XX, 181
Neolithic NA British Museum XX, 181
UBA NA Manning et al. 2015

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{Hedges et al. 1990,
  
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{EUROEVOL,
  title = {The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset},
  author = {Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.},
  date = {2015-07-09},
  url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.},
  langid = {english}
}
@misc{Oxford Datelist,
  
}
@misc{CBA Radiocarbon Index,
  
}
@misc{British Museum XX, 181,
  
}
@misc{Oxford Date List 11,
  
}
@misc{SU51359815,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998,
  
}
@misc{EUROEVOL; RADON,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
  title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
  author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
  date = {2014},
  url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
  abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@dataset{EUROEVOL,
  title = {The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset},
  author = {Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.},
  date = {2015-07-09},
  url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.},
  langid = {english}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1990","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUROEVOL","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. 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The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.}","langid":"{english}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Oxford Datelist","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CBA Radiocarbon Index","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"British Museum XX, 181","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Oxford Date List 11","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SU51359815","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EUROEVOL; RADON","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"EUROEVOL","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}","author":"{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan, S.}","date":"{2015-07-09}","url":"{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan, UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP counts and >36,000 biometrics.}","langid":"{english}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1990
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUROEVOL
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}"
  :author: "{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan,
    S.}"
  :date: "{2015-07-09}"
  :url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural
    Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan,
    UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon
    data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating
    between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections
    of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and
    families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP
    counts and >36,000 biometrics.}"
  :langid: "{english}"
---
:bibtex_key: Oxford Datelist
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CBA Radiocarbon Index
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: British Museum XX, 181
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Oxford Date List 11
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SU51359815
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 426; Barclay et al. 1998
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EUROEVOL; RADON
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998; Bradley 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011 425; Barclay et al. 1998
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011 426; Barclay et al. 1998
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European
    14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
  :author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
  :date: "{2014}"
  :url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
  :abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
    time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
    from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
    factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
    features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
    in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
    to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: EUROEVOL
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{The Cultural Evolution of Neolithic Europe. EUROEVOL Dataset}"
  :author: "{Manning, K. and Timpson, A. and Colledge, S. and Crema, E. and Shennan,
    S.}"
  :date: "{2015-07-09}"
  :url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1469811/}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{This dataset comprises the primary data collected for the Cultural
    Evolution of Neolithic Europe project (EUROEVOL), led by Professor Stephen Shennan,
    UCL. The dataset offers the largest repository of archaeological site and radiocarbon
    data from Neolithic Europe (4,757 sites and 14,131 radiocarbon samples), dating
    between the late Mesolithic and Early Bronze Age, as well as the largest collections
    of archaeobotanical data (>8300 records for 729 different species, genera and
    families, and the largest collection of animal bone data with >3 million NISP
    counts and >36,000 biometrics.}"
  :langid: "{english}"

Changelog