Koster – XRONOS

Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees): 039.356° N, 090.390° W
Coordinates (DMS): 039° 21' 00" W, 090° 23' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166): United States (US)

Lab ID	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	Calibrated age	References
ISGS-303	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	7670±110 BP	8720–8193 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-316	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	7800±160 BP	9075–8221 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-328	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	8730±90 BP	10125–9537 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-329	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	3950±80 BP	4790–4102 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Wiant et al. 2009 Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-336	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	8220±80 BP	9419–9009 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-337	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	8130±80 BP	9400–8773 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-338	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	7020±120 BP	8035–7605 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-414	CHARCOAL	NA	RADIOMETRIC	5820±80 BP	6827–6408 cal BP	Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-783	CHARCOAL	>95% wood <5% nutshell	RADIOMETRIC	8230±120 BP	9523–8783 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-800	CHARCOAL	ca. 50% nutshell 50% wood	RADIOMETRIC	6970±150 BP	8162–7514 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-809	CHARCOAL	ca. 50% nutshell 50% wood	RADIOMETRIC	7000±80 BP	7963–7680 cal BP	Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-835	CHARCOAL	>90% nutshell some wood	RADIOMETRIC	6860±80 BP	7917–7573 cal BP	Asch and Asch 1985; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-848	CHARCOAL	ca. 75% nutshell 25% wood	RADIOMETRIC	6960±80 BP	7942–7625 cal BP	Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-859	CHARCOAL	ca. 50% nutshell 50% wood	RADIOMETRIC	7320±70 BP	8322–7980 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-923	CHARCOAL	>95% wood some nutshell	RADIOMETRIC	7920±150 BP	9198–8406 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-956	CHARCOAL	80% wood 20% nutshell	RADIOMETRIC	2980±70 BP	3350–2962 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Wiant et al. 2009 Bird et al. 2022
ISGS-99	UNKNOWN	Organics	RADIOMETRIC	5070±90 BP	5991–5600 cal BP	Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA Bird et al. 2022
NSRL-296	SEEDS	Zea mays	AMS	600±400 BP	1260–1209 cal BP	Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Ancient Maize Database Bird et al. 2022
NSRL-298	SEEDS	Cucurbita	AMS	7100±300 BP	8535–7422 cal BP	Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984 Bird et al. 2022

Classification	Estimated age	References

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [tDAR on-line record]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90]
No bibliographic information available. [Wiant et al. 2009; Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1986: 80; Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Asch and Asch 1985; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Wiant et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA]
No bibliographic information available. [Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Ancient Maize Database]
No bibliographic information available. [Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{tDAR on-line record,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90,
  
}
@misc{Wiant et al. 2009; Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1986: 80; Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Asch and Asch 1985; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Wiant et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA,
  
}
@misc{Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Ancient Maize Database,
  
}
@misc{Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"tDAR on-line record","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wiant et al. 2009; Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1986: 80; Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Asch and Asch 1985; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Wiant et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Ancient Maize Database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: tDAR on-line record
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Wiant et al. 2009'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wiant et al. 2009; Wiant et al. 2009
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Brown and Vierra
  1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467; Wiant et al. 2009'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Wiant et al. 2009'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller
  (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Coleman and Liu 1975: 170-171; Jefferies 1997: 467;Brown and Vierra
  1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1986: 80; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal
  communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1986: 80; Wiant et al. 2009'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal
  communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown
  and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Asch and Asch 1985; Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Brown and Vierra 1983:187;
  Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Brown and Vierra 1983:187;
  Shane Miller (personal communication 2016); PIDBA'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Wiant et al. 2009'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Brown and Vierra 1983:187; Shane Miller (personal communication 2016);
  PIDBA
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Liu et al. 1992: 89-90; Conard et al. 1984; Ancient Maize Database'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Asch and Asch 1985; Conard et al. 1984
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Linked Data

Radiocarbon dates (59)

Typological dates (0)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR