Matjies River – XRONOS

Location

Coordinates (degrees): 034.017° S, 023.417° E
Coordinates (DMS): 034° 01' 00" E, 023° 25' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166 ): South Africa (ZA)

Lab ID	Context	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	References
Pta-6702		charcoal	NA	conventional 14C	10660±280 BP	dockel1998imr
Pta-6702		charcoal	NA	NA	10660±280 BP	Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town). Bird et al. 2022
L-336H	Layer D	charcoal	NA	conventional 14C	11250±400 BP	sealy2006rdm
L-336H		charcoal	NA	NA	11250±400 BP	Borden 1970; Wilmeth 1978a; Broecker and Kulp 1957; Burley 1979 1980; McCallum 1955; McCallum and Dyck 1960; The Midden 25(5): 5 1988 Bird et al. 2022

Classification	Estimated age	References
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Wilton	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Wilton	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Wilton	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Wilton	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Oakhurst	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Oakhurst	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Wilton	NA	NA
LSA	NA	sealy2006rdm
Oakhurst	NA	NA
LSA	NA	dockel1998imr
Oakhurst	NA	NA
LSA	NA	dockel1998imr
Oakhurst	NA	NA

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [sealy2006rdm]
No bibliographic information available. [dockel1998imr]
No bibliographic information available. [protsch1975pca]
No bibliographic information available. [Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.]
No bibliographic information available. [Hoffmann 2004 79]
No bibliographic information available. [Borden 1970; Wilmeth 1978a; Broecker and Kulp 1957; Burley 1979 1980; McCallum 1955; McCallum and Dyck 1960; The Midden 25(5): 5 1988]
No bibliographic information available. [Ribot I. Morris A.G. Sealy J. and Maggs T. 2010. Population history and economic change in the last 2000 years in KwaZulu-Natal RSA.Southern African Humanities22(1) pp.89-112.]
No bibliographic information available. [SARD]
No bibliographic information available. [Döckel W. 1998.Re-investigation of the Matjes River rock shelter(Masters dissertation Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).]
No bibliographic information available. [Pistorius J.C. 1995. Radio-carbon dates from the Mabyanamatshwaana complex.South African Journal of Ethnology18(3) pp.123-127.]
No bibliographic information available. [Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.]
No bibliographic information available. [Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).]
No bibliographic information available. [Davies O. 1975. Excavations at Shongweni South Cave: the oldest evidence to date for cultigens in southern Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum22(2) pp.627-662.]
No bibliographic information available. [Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.]
No bibliographic information available. [Lee-Thorp J.A. and Ecker M. 2015. Holocene environmental change at wonderwerk cave South Africa: Insights from stable light isotopes in ostrich eggshell.African Archaeological Review32(4) pp.793-811.]
No bibliographic information available. [Klein R.G. Cruz-Uribe K. Halkett D. Hart T. and Parkington J.E. 1999. Paleoenvironmental and human behavioral implications of the Boegoeberg 1 late Pleistocene hyena den Northern Cape Province South Africa.Quaternary Research52(3) pp.393-403.]
No bibliographic information available. [Binneman J. 1996. Preliminary report on the investigations at Kulubele an Early Iron Age farming settlement in the Great Kei River Valley Eastern Cape. South African Field Archaeology. 5 28–35.]
No bibliographic information available. [Protsch R. and Oberholzer J.J. 1975. Palaeoanthropology chronology and archeology of the Matjes River Rock Shelter.Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie pp.32-43.]
No bibliographic information available. [Breunig 1987 102]
https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database [SARD]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{sealy2006rdm,
  
}
@misc{dockel1998imr,
  
}
@misc{protsch1975pca,
  
}
@misc{Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.,
  
}
@misc{Hoffmann 2004 79,
  
}
@misc{Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Broecker and Kulp 1957;  Burley 1979 1980;  McCallum 1955;  McCallum and Dyck 1960;  The Midden 25(5): 5 1988,
  
}
@misc{Ribot I. Morris A.G. Sealy J. and Maggs T. 2010. Population history and economic change in the last 2000 years in KwaZulu-Natal RSA.Southern African Humanities22(1) pp.89-112.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Döckel W. 1998.Re-investigation of the Matjes River rock shelter(Masters dissertation Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).,
  
}
@misc{Pistorius J.C. 1995. Radio-carbon dates from the Mabyanamatshwaana complex.South African Journal of Ethnology18(3) pp.123-127.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
  
}
@misc{Davies O. 1975. Excavations at Shongweni South Cave: the oldest evidence to date for cultigens in southern Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum22(2) pp.627-662.,
  
}
@misc{Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.,
  
}
@misc{Lee-Thorp J.A. and Ecker M. 2015. Holocene environmental change at wonderwerk cave South Africa: Insights from stable light isotopes in ostrich eggshell.African Archaeological Review32(4) pp.793-811.,
  
}
@misc{Klein R.G. Cruz-Uribe K. Halkett D. Hart T. and Parkington J.E. 1999. Paleoenvironmental and human behavioral implications of the Boegoeberg 1 late Pleistocene hyena den Northern Cape Province South Africa.Quaternary Research52(3) pp.393-403.,
  
}
@misc{Binneman J. 1996. Preliminary report on the investigations at Kulubele an Early Iron Age farming settlement in the Great Kei River Valley Eastern Cape. South African Field Archaeology. 5 28–35.,
  
}
@misc{Protsch R. and Oberholzer J.J. 1975. Palaeoanthropology chronology and archeology of the Matjes River Rock Shelter.Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie pp.32-43.,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 102,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"sealy2006rdm","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"dockel1998imr","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"protsch1975pca","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hoffmann 2004 79","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Broecker and Kulp 1957;  Burley 1979 1980;  McCallum 1955;  McCallum and Dyck 1960;  The Midden 25(5): 5 1988","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ribot I. Morris A.G. Sealy J. and Maggs T. 2010. Population history and economic change in the last 2000 years in KwaZulu-Natal RSA.Southern African Humanities22(1) pp.89-112.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Döckel W. 1998.Re-investigation of the Matjes River rock shelter(Masters dissertation Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pistorius J.C. 1995. Radio-carbon dates from the Mabyanamatshwaana complex.South African Journal of Ethnology18(3) pp.123-127.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Davies O. 1975. Excavations at Shongweni South Cave: the oldest evidence to date for cultigens in southern Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum22(2) pp.627-662.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lee-Thorp J.A. and Ecker M. 2015. Holocene environmental change at wonderwerk cave South Africa: Insights from stable light isotopes in ostrich eggshell.African Archaeological Review32(4) pp.793-811.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Klein R.G. Cruz-Uribe K. Halkett D. Hart T. and Parkington J.E. 1999. Paleoenvironmental and human behavioral implications of the Boegoeberg 1 late Pleistocene hyena den Northern Cape Province South Africa.Quaternary Research52(3) pp.393-403.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Binneman J. 1996. Preliminary report on the investigations at Kulubele an Early Iron Age farming settlement in the Great Kei River Valley Eastern Cape. South African Field Archaeology. 5 28–35.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Protsch R. and Oberholzer J.J. 1975. Palaeoanthropology chronology and archeology of the Matjes River Rock Shelter.Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie pp.32-43.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 102","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: sealy2006rdm
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: dockel1998imr
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: protsch1975pca
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sealy J. Ludwig B. and Henderson Z. 2006. New radiocarbon dates for Matjes
  River rock shelter.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.98-101.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hoffmann 2004 79
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Broecker and Kulp 1957;  Burley 1979 1980;  McCallum
  1955;  McCallum and Dyck 1960;  The Midden 25(5): 5 1988'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ribot I. Morris A.G. Sealy J. and Maggs T. 2010. Population history and
  economic change in the last 2000 years in KwaZulu-Natal RSA.Southern African Humanities22(1)
  pp.89-112.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Döckel W. 1998.Re-investigation of the Matjes River rock shelter(Masters
  dissertation Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University).'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pistorius J.C. 1995. Radio-carbon dates from the Mabyanamatshwaana complex.South
  African Journal of Ethnology18(3) pp.123-127.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast
  of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of
  Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Davies O. 1975. Excavations at Shongweni South Cave: the oldest evidence
  to date for cultigens in southern Africa.Annals of the Natal Museum22(2) pp.627-662.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parkington J. 1992. Making sense of sequence at the Elands Bay cave western
  Cape South Africa.Guide to archaeological sites in the south-western Cape6 p.12.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Lee-Thorp J.A. and Ecker M. 2015. Holocene environmental change at wonderwerk
  cave South Africa: Insights from stable light isotopes in ostrich eggshell.African
  Archaeological Review32(4) pp.793-811.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Klein R.G. Cruz-Uribe K. Halkett D. Hart T. and Parkington J.E. 1999.
  Paleoenvironmental and human behavioral implications of the Boegoeberg 1 late Pleistocene
  hyena den Northern Cape Province South Africa.Quaternary Research52(3) pp.393-403.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Binneman J. 1996. Preliminary report on the investigations at Kulubele
  an Early Iron Age farming settlement in the Great Kei River Valley Eastern Cape.
  South African Field Archaeology. 5 28–35.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Protsch R. and Oberholzer J.J. 1975. Palaeoanthropology chronology and
  archeology of the Matjes River Rock Shelter.Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie
  pp.32-43.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 102
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Radiocarbon dates (64)

Typological dates (64)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR