Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
032.164° S, 018.314° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 09' 00" E, 018° 18' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (12)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-4060 Unit 14 charcoal NA conventional 14C 2680±60 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-4075 Unit 1 charcoal NA conventional 14C 2290±50 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-4083 Unit 8 charcoal NA conventional 14C 2540±50 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-4085 Unit 4 charcoal NA conventional 14C 2470±60 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-6216 Unit 20 marine shell NA conventional 14C 3430±20 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-6221 Unit 18 charcoal NA conventional 14C 2830±60 BP jerardino2010lsm
Pta-4060 charcoal NA NA 2680±60 BP Binneman J.N.F. 2006/2007. Archaeological research along the south‐eastern Cape coast. Part 2–Caves and Shelters: Kabeljous River Shelter 1 and associated stone tool industries.Southern African Field Archaeology13 pp.49-77. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-4075 charcoal NA NA 2290±50 BP Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-4083 charcoal NA NA 2540±50 BP Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-4085 charcoal NA NA 2470±60 BP Morris D. 1990. ‘Etchings’ and ‘intaglios’ in the Upper Karoo: part 2: engravings on Jagt Pan and adjacent farms. In: Beaumont P. & Morris D. (eds) Guide to Archaeological Sites in the Northern Cape: 48–58. Kimberley: McGregor Museum. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6216 marine shell NA NA 3430±20 BP Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6221 charcoal NA NA 2830±60 BP Mazel A.D. 1996. Maqonqo Shelter: the excavation of Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities8(12) pp.1-39. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (12)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2010lsm
NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{jerardino2010lsm,
  
}
@misc{Binneman J.N.F. 2006/2007. Archaeological research along the south‐eastern Cape coast. Part 2–Caves and Shelters: Kabeljous River Shelter 1 and associated stone tool industries.Southern African Field Archaeology13 pp.49-77.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.,
  
}
@misc{Morris D. 1990. ‘Etchings’ and ‘intaglios’ in the Upper Karoo: part 2: engravings on Jagt Pan and adjacent farms. In: Beaumont P. & Morris D. (eds) Guide to Archaeological Sites in the Northern Cape: 48–58. Kimberley: McGregor Museum.,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1996. Maqonqo Shelter: the excavation of Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities8(12) pp.1-39.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"jerardino2010lsm","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Binneman J.N.F. 2006/2007. Archaeological research along the south‐eastern Cape coast. Part 2–Caves and Shelters: Kabeljous River Shelter 1 and associated stone tool industries.Southern African Field Archaeology13 pp.49-77.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa: a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science 37:2291–2302.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Morris D. 1990. ‘Etchings’ and ‘intaglios’ in the Upper Karoo: part 2: engravings on Jagt Pan and adjacent farms. In: Beaumont P. & Morris D. (eds) Guide to Archaeological Sites in the Northern Cape: 48–58. Kimberley: McGregor Museum.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mazel A.D. 1996. Maqonqo Shelter: the excavation of Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities8(12) pp.1-39.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: jerardino2010lsm
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Binneman J.N.F. 2006/2007. Archaeological research along the south‐eastern
  Cape coast. Part 2–Caves and Shelters: Kabeljous River Shelter 1 and associated
  stone tool industries.Southern African Field Archaeology13 pp.49-77.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Jerardino A. 2010. Large shell middens in Lamberts Bay South Africa:
  a case of hunter-gatherer resource intensification. Journal of Archaeological Science
  37:2291–2302.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Morris D. 1990. ‘Etchings’ and ‘intaglios’ in the Upper Karoo: part
  2: engravings on Jagt Pan and adjacent farms. In: Beaumont P. & Morris D. (eds)
  Guide to Archaeological Sites in the Northern Cape: 48–58. Kimberley: McGregor Museum.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1996. Maqonqo Shelter: the excavation of Holocene deposits
  in the eastern Biggarsberg thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities8(12)
  pp.1-39.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog