Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
032.326° S, 018.322° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 19' 00" E, 018° 19' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (64)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
D-AMS-18144 SEEDS Yucca torreyi seed uncarbonized AMS 2861±24 BP 3062–2883 cal BP ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time Bird et al. 2022
D-AMS-18145 CHARCOAL Prosopis glandulosa AMS 9168±30 BP 10406–10242 cal BP ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time Bird et al. 2022
D-AMS-18146 CHARCOAL Prosopis glandulosa AMS 9026±32 BP 10236–10185 cal BP ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time Bird et al. 2022
D-AMS-27494 CHARCOAL Prosopis AMS 4081±27 BP 4797–4446 cal BP ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time Bird et al. 2022
D-AMS-27495 CHARCOAL Agave lechuguilla AMS 3523±27 BP 3881–3716 cal BP ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time Bird et al. 2022
GSC-1085 charred wood; bois carbonisé NA NA 130±130 BP 445–355 cal BP Rutherford et al. 1984; Wilmeth 1978a; Allaire 1979; Coupland 1988 Bird et al. 2022
GaK-2336 mammal bone collagen; collagène osseux de mammiféres NA NA 22780±1000 BP 29110–25036 cal BP Wilmeth 1978; Kigoshi et al. 1973; McNeely 1989; Millar 1968 Bird et al. 2022
Pta-5920 charcoal NA NA 2910±60 BP 3215–2876 cal BP Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town). Bird et al. 2022
TO-6350 marmot bone collagen; collagène osseux de marmotte NA NA 34860±470 BP 40940–39210 cal BP Faunmap 57; R. McNeely p.c. 1998 Bird et al. 2022
TO-6351 marmot bone collagen; collagène osseux de marmotte NA NA 29180±300 BP 34351–32950 cal BP McNeely and Jorgensen 1992 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-107 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 8760±150 BP 10200–9529 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-108 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 8680±150 BP 10180–9455 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-109 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 6640±120 BP 7698–7280 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-117 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 5550±130 BP 6639–6002 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-136 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 3410±80 BP 3849–3456 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-137 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 4740±140 BP 5850–4990 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-138 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 6110±110 BP 7258–6734 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-139 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 6110±170 BP 7419–6563 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-140 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 8540±120 BP 9901–9145 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301 Bird et al. 2022
Tx-141 CHARCOAL NA RADIOMETRIC 8760±120 BP 10160–9541 cal BP Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (1)

Classification Estimated age References
NA jerardino1996csl

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{jerardino1996csl,
  
}
@misc{ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time,
  
}
@misc{Nielsen 2017; ASWT-CAR files,
  
}
@misc{Rutherford et al. 1984; Wilmeth 1978a; Allaire 1979; Coupland 1988,
  
}
@misc{Wilmeth 1978; Kigoshi et al. 1973; McNeely 1989; Millar 1968,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
  
}
@misc{Faunmap 57; R. McNeely p.c. 1998,
  
}
@misc{McNeely and Jorgensen 1992,
  
}
@misc{Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301,
  
}
@misc{Graham 1987; Faunmap 161,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"jerardino1996csl","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Nielsen 2017; ASWT-CAR files","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rutherford et al. 1984; Wilmeth 1978a; Allaire 1979; Coupland 1988","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wilmeth 1978; Kigoshi et al. 1973; McNeely 1989; Millar 1968","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Faunmap 57; R. McNeely p.c. 1998","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"McNeely and Jorgensen 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Graham 1987; Faunmap 161","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: jerardino1996csl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: ASWT-CAR files; McCuistion 2019-Camel of Time
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Nielsen 2017; ASWT-CAR files
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rutherford et al. 1984; Wilmeth 1978a; Allaire 1979; Coupland 1988
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wilmeth 1978; Kigoshi et al. 1973; McNeely 1989; Millar 1968
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast
  of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of
  Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Faunmap 57; R. McNeely p.c. 1998
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: McNeely and Jorgensen 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Graham 1987; Faunmap 161; Pearson et al. 1965: 301'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Graham 1987; Faunmap 161
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog