La Gruta
Archaeological site
in Venezuela
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2024-01-23 08:58:32 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team, XRONOS user #10002
Contributors: XRONOS development team, XRONOS user #10002
Location
- Coordinates (degrees)
- 007.820° N, 065.770° W
- Coordinates (DMS)
- 007° 49' 00" W, 065° 46' 00" N
- Country (ISO 3166)
- Venezuela (VE)
Linked Data
There is no linked data available for this record.
Radiocarbon dates
(25)
| Lab ID | Context | Material | Taxon | Method | Uncalibrated age | Calibrated age | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OxA-2532 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4790±90 BP | 5713–5315 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8970 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4090±105 BP | 4850–4297 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8548 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4065±85 BP | 4834–4300 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8546 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3710±85 BP | 4385–3832 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-9232 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3665±85 BP | 4241–3723 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-10742 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3320±100 BP | 3830–3360 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-9519 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 2605±85 BP | 2875–2370 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8969 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1765±80 BP | 1867–1420 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8968 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1645±80 BP | 1705–1375 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-10747 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1230±130 BP | 1379–830 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| QC-444-B | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1230±130 BP | 1379–830 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-8937 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 935±80 BP | 960–683 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-9520 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 725±150 BP | 957–483 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| QC-444-A | NA | NA | NA | NA | 380±100 BP | 626–17 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| OxA-2530 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 290±80 BP | 508–73 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| OxA-2531 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 230±80 BP | 458–53 cal BP | Roosevelt 1997 |
| I-10740 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 8210±190 BP | 9531–8645 cal BP | Barse 2000 Bird et al. 2022 |
| I-10742 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 3320±100 BP | 3830–3360 cal BP | Uchoa 1981-82 Bird et al. 2022 |
| I-8546 | NA | charcoal | NA | NA | 3710±85 BP | 4385–3832 cal BP | Barse 2000 Bird et al. 2022 |
| I-8548 | NA | charcoal | NA | NA | 4065±85 BP | 4834–4300 cal BP | Benedict and Olson 1978: 126; Butler 1981; Benedict 1981 Bird et al. 2022 |
Typological dates
(16)
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Roosevelt 1997]
- No bibliographic information available. [RirisArroyoKalin2019]
- No bibliographic information available. [Uchoa 1981-82]
- No bibliographic information available. [Barse 2000]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benedict and Olson 1978: 126; Butler 1981; Benedict 1981]
- No bibliographic information available. [SCOTT 1979]
- No bibliographic information available. [Roosvelt 1997 pp.200 (table 8)]
- No bibliographic information available. [Sanoja 1977]
- No bibliographic information available. [Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford).]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
- https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand [rxpand]
@misc{Roosevelt 1997,
}
@misc{RirisArroyoKalin2019,
}
@misc{Uchoa 1981-82,
}
@misc{Barse 2000,
}
@misc{Benedict and Olson 1978: 126; Butler 1981; Benedict 1981,
}
@misc{SCOTT 1979,
}
@misc{Roosvelt 1997 pp.200 (table 8),
}
@misc{Sanoja 1977,
}
@misc{Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford).,
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{rxpand,
url = {https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand},
note = {de Souza, Jonas Gregorio. 2021. rxpand: Radiocarbon dates for the spread of farming and ceramics in tropical South America. https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Roosevelt 1997","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RirisArroyoKalin2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Uchoa 1981-82","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barse 2000","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benedict and Olson 1978: 126; Butler 1981; Benedict 1981","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SCOTT 1979","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Roosvelt 1997 pp.200 (table 8)","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sanoja 1977","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford).","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"rxpand","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand}","note":"{de Souza, Jonas Gregorio. 2021. rxpand: Radiocarbon dates for the spread of farming and ceramics in tropical South America. https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand}"}]---
:bibtex_key: Roosevelt 1997
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RirisArroyoKalin2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Uchoa 1981-82
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barse 2000
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Benedict and Olson 1978: 126; Butler 1981; Benedict 1981'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SCOTT 1979
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Roosvelt 1997 pp.200 (table 8)
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sanoja 1977
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa:
hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University
of Oxford).'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: rxpand
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand}"
:note: "{de Souza, Jonas Gregorio. 2021. rxpand: Radiocarbon dates for the spread
of farming and ceramics in tropical South America. https://github.com/jgregoriods/rxpand}"