Temnata
Archaeological site
in Bulgaria
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
Linked Data
There is no linked data available for this record.
Radiocarbon dates
(48)
Typological dates
(46)
| Classification | Estimated age | References |
|---|---|---|
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Middle/Upper Paleolithic | NA | Svoboda 2004 |
| unspec. | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter and Kozlowski 1992 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter and Kozlowski 1992 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
| Upper Paleolithic | NA | Ginter et al. 1996 |
| Aurignacian | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Ginter et al. 1996]
- No bibliographic information available. [Svoboda 2004]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ginter and Kozlowski 1992]
- Vermeersch, P. M. (2020). Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included. Data Brief, 31, 105793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793 [Vermeersch 2020]
- No bibliographic information available. [P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M. 2011. QI]
- No bibliographic information available. [Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125]
- No bibliographic information available. [Gumiński 1999]
- No bibliographic information available. [Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261]
- No bibliographic information available. [Dolukhanov]
- No bibliographic information available. [Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41]
- No bibliographic information available. [Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125]
- No bibliographic information available. [Otte M. Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341]
- PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database. (2011). PaleoAnthropology, 2011, 1–12. [PACEA]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Ginter et al. 1996,
}
@misc{Svoboda 2004,
}
@misc{Ginter and Kozlowski 1992,
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
year = {2020},
month = {aug},
journal = {Data Brief},
volume = {31},
pages = {105793},
issn = {2352-3409},
doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M. 2011. QI,
}
@misc{Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
}
@misc{Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
}
@misc{Gumiński 1999,
}
@misc{Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261,
}
@misc{Dolukhanov,
}
@misc{Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41,
}
@misc{Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.,
}
@misc{Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125,
}
@misc{Otte M. Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341,
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
author = {},
date = {2011},
journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
volume = {2011},
pages = {1–12},
abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Ginter et al. 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Svoboda 2004","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ginter and Kozlowski 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M. 2011. QI","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gumiński 1999","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Dolukhanov","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In: The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Otte M. Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
:bibtex_key: Ginter et al. 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Svoboda 2004
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ginter and Kozlowski 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
:author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
:year: "{2020}"
:month: "{aug}"
:journal: "{Data Brief}"
:volume: "{31}"
:pages: "{105793}"
:issn: "{2352-3409}"
:doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
:abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
26.}'
:month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: P. Allsworth-Jones Colloque Nemours 1988 pp. 79-95. Vlaciky M. 2011.
QI
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo Karst Area
Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. In:
The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo
Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gumiński 1999
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Koz√Ö‚Äöowski 1994a 261
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Dolukhanov
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Archaeometry 28 1986 120; Proc Prehist Soc 41 1975 235-41
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Allsworth-Jones P. 2004. Anthropologie 42: 281-296.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ginter B. Kozlowski J.K Laville H. Sirakov & Hedges R.E.M. 1996. . In:
The last neanderthals. Marambat L. 1992. Temnata Cave : Excavations in Karlukovo
Karst Area Bulgaria : 101-125'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Otte M. Sedimentary Deposition rates and Carbon-14. JAS 2003 30: 325-341'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
:author: "{}"
:date: "{2011}"
:journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
:volume: "{2011}"
:pages: "{1–12}"
:abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
contextual information on the dated samples.}"
:keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
:file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"