Site types
Cave and

Location

100 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
043.060° N, 002.510° W
Coordinates (DMS)
043° 03' 00" W, 002° 30' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (37)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
OxA-21841 bone NA NA 32150±450 BP 37524–35525 cal BP Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22559 bone NA NA 36000±700 BP 42027–39785 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22560 bone NA NA 37400±800 BP 42665–40879 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22561 bone NA NA 38000±900 BP 43066–41080 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22562 bone NA NA 38100±900 BP 43135–41128 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22563 bone NA NA 37800±900 BP 42945–40986 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22564 NA NA 37900±900 BP 43000–41035 cal BP CONTEXT Bird et al. 2022
OxA-22653 bone NA NA 36850±800 BP 42444–40400 cal BP Wood R. 2016. QI ip. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-23199 Sterile Megaloceros giganteus antler base None. Possibly collected by humans to be used as soft hammer and later gnawed NA NA 38900±900 BP 44090–41849 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3034 bone NA NA 26575±505 BP 31610–29925 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3035 NA NA 23360±300 BP 28155–27113 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3320 bone NA NA 26910±500 BP 31820–30087 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3321 NA NA 31455±915 BP 38265–34136 cal BP Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200 years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3322 NA NA 30615±820 BP 36625–33291 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L'Anthropologie 98 : 379-417 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3323 bone NA NA 21660±300 BP 26807–25237 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3324 bone NA NA 34215±1265 BP 41404–36255 cal BP Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-3325 bone NA NA 29750±740 BP 35538–32130 cal BP Aubry T. E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996,
  
}
@misc{Barandiarn Maetzu 1996,
  
}
@misc{Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.,
  
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
  title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
  author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
  year = {2020},
  month = {aug},
  journal = {Data Brief},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {105793},
  issn = {2352-3409},
  doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
  abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
  month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52: 680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip,
  
}
@misc{Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.,
  
}
@misc{Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76. Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.,
  
}
@misc{Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  
}
@misc{Wood R.  2016. QI ip.,
  
}
@misc{Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200 years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L'Anthropologie 98 : 379-417,
  
}
@misc{Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.,
  
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiarn Maetzu 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52: 680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76. Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.  2016. QI ip.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200 years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L'Anthropologie 98 : 379-417","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
    of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
  :author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
  :year: "{2020}"
  :month: "{aug}"
  :journal: "{Data Brief}"
  :volume: "{31}"
  :pages: "{105793}"
  :issn: "{2352-3409}"
  :doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
  :abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
    Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
    was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
    humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
    of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
    Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
    conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
    with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
    radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
    try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
    of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
    with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
    Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
    are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
    sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
    For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
    Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
    with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
    available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
    open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
    27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
    of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
    Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
    and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
    are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
    26.}'
  :month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52:
  680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE
  AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76.
  Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A
  DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69:
  91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J.
  2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE
  69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE
  69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CONTEXT
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wood R.  2016. QI ip.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics
  and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200
  years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L''Anthropologie 98 :
  379-417'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog