Site types
Cave and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
043.060° N, 002.510° W
Coordinates (DMS)
043° 03' 00" W, 002° 30' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (37)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Ua-3324 habitat NA AMS 34215±1265 BP Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3321 habitat NA AMS 31455±915 BP Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3322 habitat NA AMS 30615±820 BP Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3325 habitat NA AMS 29750±700 BP Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3320 habitat NA AMS 26910±500 BP Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3034 habitat NA AMS 26570±500 BP Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3035 habitat NA AMS 23360±300 BP Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-3323 habitat NA AMS 21660±300 BP Barandiarn Maetzu 1996 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ly-1405 bone NA NA 14260±440 BP Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-10104 bone NA NA 42200±2400 BP Vermeersch2019 Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21767 bone NA NA 34750±600 BP Wood R.E. 2014. JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21768 bone NA NA 33600±500 BP Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52: 680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21777 bone NA NA 37700±900 BP Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21778 bone NA NA 35100±600 BP Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21779 bone NA NA 34650±600 BP Vermeersch2019 Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21780 bone NA NA 33550±550 BP Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21792 bone NA NA 36550±750 BP Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21793 bone NA NA 35400±650 BP Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21794 bone NA NA 32200±450 BP Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76. Bronk Ramsey C. 2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T. 2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-21840 bone NA NA 35250±650 BP Wood R.E. 2014.JHE 69: 91-109. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Middle/Upper Paleolithic NA Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Chatelperronian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
Aurignacian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996,
  
}
@misc{Barandiarn Maetzu 1996,
  
}
@misc{Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.,
  
}
@misc{Vermeersch2019,
  
}
@misc{Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52: 680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip,
  
}
@misc{Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.,
  
}
@misc{Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76. Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.,
  
}
@misc{Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.,
  
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  
}
@misc{Wood R.  2016. QI ip.,
  
}
@misc{Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200 years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.,
  
}
@misc{Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L'Anthropologie 98 : 379-417,
  
}
@misc{Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.,
  
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiarn Maetzu 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52: 680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76. Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood R.  2016. QI ip.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200 years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L'Anthropologie 98 : 379-417","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Arrizabalaga 1995; Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Barandiarn Maetzu 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clottes J. 1989. In: Rigaud J.Ph. Le Magdalenien en Europe. Eraul 38.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vermeersch2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wood R.E.  2014. JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. de Torres T. 2009. Archaeometry 52:
  680-705. Wood R.E. 2012. Archaeometry ip'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A DEFINITION OF THE
  AURIGNACIAN: 111-130.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Kuhn S. 2000 In: Bar-Yosef & Pilbeam Peabody Museum Bulletin 8: 49-76.
  Bronk Ramsey C.  2002. Archaeometry 44: 1-149. Higham T.  2009. QSR doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2008.12.018.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Maillo Fernandez J.M. In TOWARDS A
  DEFINITION OF THE AURIGNACIAN: 111-130. Schmidt I. 2012 QI.Wood R.E.  2014.JHE 69:
  91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Zilhao J. 2006. Pyrenae 37:7-84. Rios-Garaizar J.
  2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE
  69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. Rios-Garaizar J. 2008. Munibe 59: 25-46. Wood R.E.  2014.JHE
  69: 91-109.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CONTEXT
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wood R.  2016. QI ip.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ryner M. Holmgren K. & Taylor D. (2008). A record of vegetation dynamics
  and lake level changes from Lake Emakat northern Tanzania during the last c. 1200
  years. Journal of Paleolimnology 40(2) 583-601.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Barandiaran 1996. SÔøΩnchez GoÔøΩi M. F. 1994. L''Anthropologie 98 :
  379-417'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Aubry T.  E.a; 2012. jaa 31/ 528-550.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog