Site types
Central anatolia, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
NA
Coordinates (DMS)
NA
Country (ISO 3166)
Türkiye (TR)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (129)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Poz-24048 bone NA 14C 7160±40 BP Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1 Weninger 2022
Poz-24049 bone NA 14C 6960±40 BP Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1 Weninger 2022
Poz-24050 bone NA 14C 6990±40 BP Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1 Weninger 2022
Poz-24051 bone NA 14C 5910±80 BP Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1 Weninger 2022
Poz-24052 bone NA 14C 6630±40 BP Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1 Weninger 2022
SUERC-59349 bone Ovis aries 14C 6782±34 BP Orton 2018 Weninger 2022
SUERC-59350 bone Bovidae 14C 6877±32 BP Orton 2018 Weninger 2022
AA-27981 Base of mound; phase basal, core CH96W; base of mound; base of mound charcoal NA NA 7040±40 BP Göktürk et al. 2002; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; Tay Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11750 West TI.1 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7065±40 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11751 West TI.4 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7070±45 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11754 West TI.8 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6945±39 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11755 West TI.9 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7049±39 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11756 West TI.10 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6937±38 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11757 West TI.12 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7103±39 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11758 West TI.14 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7028±37 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11759 West TI.15 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 7028±39 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11760 West TII.2 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6904±39 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11761 West TII.3 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6730±40 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11762 West TII.4 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6662±38 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-11763 West TII.5 grain (charred) Poaceae NA 6626±36 BP Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU Palmisano et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (67)

Classification Estimated age References
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Göktürk et al. 2002
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Göktürk et al. 2002
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33
Early Chalcolithic NA Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002,
  
}
@misc{Biehl et al. 2012: 59 Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Oxford Date List 32 (2007),
  
}
@misc{Orton 2018,
  
}
@misc{Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; Tay Project,
  
}
@misc{Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU,
  
}
@misc{Orton et al. 2018,
  
}
@misc{TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU,
  
}
@misc{Biehl et al. 2012,
  
}
@misc{Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33,
  
}
@misc{14SEA,
  url = {http://www.14sea.org/},
  note = {Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Biehl et al. 2012: 59 Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Oxford Date List 32 (2007)","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton 2018","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; Tay Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton et al. 2018","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Biehl et al. 2012","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://www.14sea.org/}","note":"{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: 'Higham, T. et al. 2007b: S33'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Göktürk et al. 2002
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Biehl et al. 2012: 59 Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Oxford Date List 32 (2007)
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Orton 2018
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Biehl et al. 2012, tab.1
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Göktürk et al. 2002; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016;
  Tay Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Higham et al. 2007; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti
  2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Orton et al. 2018
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016; ORAU
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Biehl et al. 2012
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: 14SEA
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://www.14sea.org/}"
  :note: "{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database
    for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog