Site types
Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
NA
Coordinates (DMS)
NA
Country (ISO 3166)
Egypt (EG)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (67)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Gd-2660 Tomb 1590 charcoal NA NA 4680±90 BP 5594–5053 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Gd-2660 charcoal NA NA 4680±90 BP 5594–5053 cal BP MedAfriCarbon Bird et al. 2022
Gd-4143 charcoal NA NA 3070±70 BP 3445–3073 cal BP MedAfriCarbon Bird et al. 2022
Gd-4143 Tomb 1450a charcoal NA NA 3070±70 BP 3445–3073 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Gd-4566 Tomb 1930 charred plant remain NA NA 4120±100 BP 4864–4359 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
Gd-5125 charcoal NA NA 4520±60 BP 5432–4973 cal BP Furholt 2003 250 Bird et al. 2022
Gd-5125 Tomb 1590 charcoal NA NA 4520±60 BP 5432–4973 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Gd-5216 Tomb 1590 charcoal NA NA 4580±50 BP 5458–5050 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Gd-5216 charcoal NA NA 4580±50 BP 5458–5050 cal BP Pazdur 1992 Kozàowski 1994a Bird et al. 2022
Gd-5713 Near tomb 1930 2.5m below gezira other (animal) NA NA 5240±60 BP 6190–5905 cal BP EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
Gd-5713 other (animal) NA NA 5240±60 BP 6190–5905 cal BP McDonald 1990a Bird et al. 2022
Gd-6233 Tomb 1590 from wooden construction charcoal NA NA 3930±70 BP 4569–4150 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
Hv-9566 Tomb 49 other (unspecified) NA NA 7815±570 BP 10143–7580 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Hv-9566 other (unspecified) NA NA 7815±570 BP 10143–7580 cal BP EgyRadDat Bird et al. 2022
Hv-9567 Tomb 126 other (unspecified) NA NA 6005±280 BP 7460–6281 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Hv-9567 other (unspecified) NA NA 6005±280 BP 7460–6281 cal BP MedAfriCarbon Bird et al. 2022
KN-3020 Landshell NA 14C 7590±65 BP 8541–8210 cal BP KN-Lab Weninger 2022
KN-3061 shell NA 14C 4440±55 BP 5285–4873 cal BP KN-Lab Weninger 2022
KN-3061 Tomb 432 shell (undetermined) NA NA 4440±55 BP 5285–4873 cal BP EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
KN-3061 shell (undetermined) NA NA 4440±55 BP 5285–4873 cal BP EgyRadDat Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (41)

Classification Estimated age References
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Nagada III (Dyn.""0"") NA KN-Lab
Early Dynastic NA EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
Early Dynastic NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
Early Dynastic NA EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{KN-Lab,
  
}
@misc{EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII,
  
}
@misc{EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII,
  
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  
}
@misc{Furholt 2003 250,
  
}
@misc{Pazdur 1992 Kozàowski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{McDonald 1990a,
  
}
@misc{EgyRadDat,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 183,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 186,
  
}
@misc{Street & Terbergen 2000. German Upper Palaeolithic. In: Hunters of the Golden Age: 281-297. Flas D. 2008.Anthropologica et Praehistorica 119: 3-253.,
  
}
@misc{Raetzel-Fabian 2000a 134,
  
}
@misc{Petersen and Sanger 1991; Bartone et al. 1988; Petersen and Putnam 1987 1992; Spiess 1992; Petersen 1986; Petersen et al. 1986; Faunmap 927,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/3689716},
  note = {Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"KN-Lab","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Furholt 2003 250","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pazdur 1992 Kozàowski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"McDonald 1990a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EgyRadDat","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 183","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 186","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Street & Terbergen 2000. German Upper Palaeolithic. In: Hunters of the Golden Age: 281-297. Flas D. 2008.Anthropologica et Praehistorica 119: 3-253.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Raetzel-Fabian 2000a 134","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Petersen and Sanger 1991; Bartone et al. 1988; Petersen and Putnam 1987 1992; Spiess 1992; Petersen 1986; Petersen et al. 1986; Faunmap 927","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}","note":"{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: KN-Lab
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, Kroeper.2003RadThermoMAO, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, PazdurPazdur.1994GliwXII
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Furholt 2003 250
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pazdur 1992 Kozàowski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: McDonald 1990a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EgyRadDat
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 183
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 186
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Street & Terbergen 2000. German Upper Palaeolithic. In: Hunters of the
  Golden Age: 281-297. Flas D. 2008.Anthropologica et Praehistorica 119: 3-253.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Raetzel-Fabian 2000a 134
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Petersen and Sanger 1991; Bartone et al. 1988; Petersen and Putnam 1987
  1992; Spiess 1992; Petersen 1986; Petersen et al. 1986; Faunmap 927
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}"
  :note: "{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto,
    Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database
    and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700
    BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog