Ras Shamra – XRONOS

Location

Coordinates (degrees): 035.570° N, 035.730° E
Coordinates (DMS): 035° 34' 00" E, 035° 43' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166 ): Syrian Arab Republic (SY)

Lab ID	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	References
Gif-102	charcoal	NA	14C	9030±400 BP	Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138 Weninger 2022
Gif-3960		NA	14C	7900±140 BP	Contenson 1977, 21-23 Weninger 2022
P-384	charcoal	NA	14C	3079±64 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-389	charcoal	NA	14C	6134±173 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-457	charcoal	NA	14C	7184±84 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-458	charcoal	NA	14C	7686±112 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-459	charcoal	NA	14C	8142±100 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-460	charcoal	NA	14C	8364±101 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-461	charcoal	NA	14C	2991±53 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
P-462	charcoal	NA	14C	3140±151 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, 83 Weninger 2022
Pta-100	charcoal	NA	14C	7480±90 BP	Brami 2011 Weninger 2022
Pta-113	charcoal	NA	14C	8000±115 BP	Brami 2011 Weninger 2022
P-389	charcoal	charcoal and gravel	NA	6134±173 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
P-457	charcoal	charcoal and clay	NA	7184±84 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
Pta-100	charcoal	NA	NA	7480±90 BP	de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994
P-458	charcoal	charcoal and clay	NA	7686±112 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
Gif-3960		NA	NA	7900±140 BP	de Contenson 1977
Pta-113	charcoal	NA	NA	8000±115 BP	de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994
P-459	charcoal	charcoal and soil	NA	8142±100 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
P-460	charcoal	charcoal and soil	NA	8364±101 BP	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977

Classification	Estimated age	References
Neolithic	NA	Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138
PPNB	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Contenson 1977, 21-23
Bronze Age	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Late Bronze Age	NA	NA
Neolithic?	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Neolithic	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Neolithic	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
PN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
PPNB	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Bronze Age	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Bronze Age	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, 83
Neolithic	NA	Brami 2011
Neolithic	NA	Brami 2011
PN	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
PN	NA	Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
Neo.	NA	NA
PN	NA	de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138]
No bibliographic information available. [Contenson 1977, 21-23]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath 1963, 83]
No bibliographic information available. [Brami 2011]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977]
No bibliographic information available. [de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994]
No bibliographic information available. [de Contenson 1977]
No bibliographic information available. [Coursaget and Le Run 1966, de Contenson 1977]
No bibliographic information available. [base ASPRO]
No bibliographic information available. [Coursaget and Le Run 1966 138]
No bibliographic information available. [Contenson 1977 21-23]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath 1963 83]
Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php [CONTEXT]
Perrin, T. (2021). Base de Données Archéologique (BDA) [Data set]. NAKALA. https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8 [BDA]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138,
  
}
@misc{Contenson 1977, 21-23,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath 1963, 83,
  
}
@misc{Brami 2011,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977,
  
}
@misc{de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994,
  
}
@misc{de Contenson 1977,
  
}
@misc{Coursaget and Le Run 1966, de Contenson 1977,
  
}
@misc{base ASPRO,
  
}
@misc{Coursaget and Le Run 1966 138,
  
}
@misc{Contenson 1977 21-23,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath 1963 83,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
  note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@dataset{BDA,
  title = {Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)},
  author = {Perrin, Thomas},
  date = {2021-02-03},
  publisher = {NAKALA},
  doi = {10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  url = {https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.},
  langid = {french}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Contenson 1977, 21-23","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath 1963, 83","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Brami 2011","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"de Contenson 1977","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coursaget and Le Run 1966, de Contenson 1977","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"base ASPRO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coursaget and Le Run 1966 138","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Contenson 1977 21-23","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath 1963 83","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"BDA","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}","author":"{Perrin, Thomas}","date":"{2021-02-03}","publisher":"{NAKALA}","doi":"{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","url":"{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}","langid":"{french}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: Coursaget and Le Run 1966, 138
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Contenson 1977, 21-23
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath 1963, 83
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Brami 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath 1963, de Contenson 1977
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: de Contenson 1977, Kuijt and Bar-Yosef 1994
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: de Contenson 1977
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Coursaget and Le Run 1966, de Contenson 1977
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: base ASPRO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Coursaget and Le Run 1966 138
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Contenson 1977 21-23
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath 1963 83
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
  :note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
    https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: BDA
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}"
  :author: "{Perrin, Thomas}"
  :date: "{2021-02-03}"
  :publisher: "{NAKALA}"
  :doi: "{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :url: "{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological
    Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}"
  :langid: "{french}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Radiocarbon dates (38)

Typological dates (44)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR