Site types
Cave and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
035.640° N, 045.100° E
Coordinates (DMS)
035° 38' 00" E, 045° 06' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Iraq (IQ)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (25)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrN-6415 NA charcoal NA 14C 11590±95 BP 13733–13242 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974, 34 Weninger 2022
GrN-6415 NA charcoal NA NA 11590±95 BP 13733–13242 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
GrN-6356 NA charcoal NA NA 13060±110 BP 15958–15310 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
UCLA-1714D NA bone NA NA 13600±460 BP 17817–15110 cal BP Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987, Koz?owski 1994a
UCLA-1703D NA charcoal NA NA 14210±80 BP 17415–17072 cal BP Koz?owski 1994a
UCLA-1703A NA bone NA NA 14350±280 BP 18219–16760 cal BP Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987
GrN-6358 NA charcoal NA NA 14350±280 BP 18219–16760 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
GrN-6357 NA charcoal NA NA 14480±75 BP 17885–17415 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
Beta-159542 NA bone Animalia NA 11210±110 BP 13312–12845 cal BP Zeder 2008 Palmisano et al. 2022
Beta-159543 NA bone Animalia NA 12510±90 BP 15116–14305 cal BP Zeder 2008 Palmisano et al. 2022
Beta-159544 NA bone Animalia NA 10170±70 BP 12092–11401 cal BP Zeder 2008 Palmisano et al. 2022
Beta-159545 NA bone Animalia NA 8790±70 BP 10145–9555 cal BP Zeder 2008 Palmisano et al. 2022
Beta-159546 NA bone Animalia NA 5130±50 BP 5992–5745 cal BP Zeder 2008 Palmisano et al. 2022
GrN-6356 NA NA NA NA 13060±110 BP 15958–15310 cal BP Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022
GrN-6357 NA NA NA NA 14480±75 BP 17885–17415 cal BP Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022
GrN-6358 NA NA NA NA 14350±280 BP 18219–16760 cal BP Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022
GrN-6415 NA charcoal NA NA 11590±95 BP 13733–13242 cal BP CalPal Palmisano et al. 2022
UCLA-1703A NA NA NA NA 14350±280 BP 18219–16760 cal BP Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022
UCLA-1703D NA NA NA NA 14210±80 BP 17415–17072 cal BP Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020 Palmisano et al. 2022
GrN-6356 NA charcoal NA NA 13060±110 BP 15958–15310 cal BP Henry and Servello 1974 Kozàowski 1994a Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
Epipalaeolithic NA Henry and Servello 1974, 34
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987, Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA
EP NA Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
Zarzian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Henry and Servello 1974, 34,
  
}
@misc{Koz?owski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987, Koz?owski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987,
  
}
@misc{Zeder 2008,
  
}
@misc{Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020,
  
}
@misc{Kozàowski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{Henry and Servello 1974 Kozàowski 1994a,
  
}
@misc{Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987,
  
}
@misc{Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987 Kozàowski 1994a,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
  note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Henry and Servello 1974, 34","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Koz?owski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987, Koz?owski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zeder 2008","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kozàowski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Henry and Servello 1974 Kozàowski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987 Kozàowski 1994a","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Henry and Servello 1974, 34
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Koz?owski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Henry and Servello 1974, Koz?owski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987, Koz?owski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger et al. 1973, Henry and Servello 1974, Hole 1987
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Zeder 2008
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kozlowski 1994; Asouti et al. 2020
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kozàowski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Henry and Servello 1974 Kozàowski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Berger et al. 1973 Henry and Servello 1974 Hole 1987 Kozàowski 1994a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
  :note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
    https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"

Changelog