SR-124

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon date from Tsindi Ruins (Lekkerwater Ruins)
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC. See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team

Measurement

Age (uncal BP)
440
Error (±)
90
Lab
NA
Method
NA
Sample material
charcoal
Sample taxon
NA

Calibration

Calibration curve
IntCal20 (Reimer et al. 2020)
Calibrated age (2σ, BP)
635 - 589
563 - 301

Context

Site
Tsindi Ruins (Lekkerwater Ruins)
Context
Sample position
NA
Sample coordinates
NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references (8)

@misc{Cooke C.K. 1963. Report on excavations at Pomongwe and Tshangula Caves Matopo Hills Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin18(71) pp.73-151.,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{rudd1984elr,
  
}
@misc{Manyanga M. 2006.Resilient Landscapes: socio-environmental dynamics in the Shashi-Limpopo Basin southern Zimbabwe c. AD 800 to the present(Doctoral dissertation Uppsala University).,
  
}
@misc{Mitchell P. Plug I. Bailey G. Charles R. Esterhuysen A. Thorp J.L. Parker A. and Woodborne S. 2011. Beyond the drip-line: a high-resolution open-air Holocene hunter-gatherer sequence from highland Lesotho.Antiquity85(330) pp.1225-1242.,
  
}
@misc{Rudd S. 1984. Excavations at Lekkerwater Ruins Tsindi Hill Theydon Zimbabwe.The South African Archaeological Bulletin 39 pp.83-105.,
  
}
@misc{Sheppard J.G. and Swart E. 1971. Rhodesian radiocarbon measurements IV.Radiocarbon13(2) pp.420-431.,
  
}
@misc{Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg,
  
}
{"bibtex_key":"Cooke C.K. 1963. Report on excavations at Pomongwe and Tshangula Caves Matopo Hills Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin18(71) pp.73-151.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]{"bibtex_key":"rudd1984elr","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Manyanga M. 2006.Resilient Landscapes: socio-environmental dynamics in the Shashi-Limpopo Basin southern Zimbabwe c. AD 800 to the present(Doctoral dissertation Uppsala University).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mitchell P. Plug I. Bailey G. Charles R. Esterhuysen A. Thorp J.L. Parker A. and Woodborne S. 2011. Beyond the drip-line: a high-resolution open-air Holocene hunter-gatherer sequence from highland Lesotho.Antiquity85(330) pp.1225-1242.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rudd S. 1984. Excavations at Lekkerwater Ruins Tsindi Hill Theydon Zimbabwe.The South African Archaeological Bulletin 39 pp.83-105.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Sheppard J.G. and Swart E. 1971. Rhodesian radiocarbon measurements IV.Radiocarbon13(2) pp.420-431.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg","bibtex_type":"misc"}
---
:bibtex_key: Cooke C.K. 1963. Report on excavations at Pomongwe and Tshangula Caves
  Matopo Hills Southern Rhodesia.The South African Archaeological Bulletin18(71) pp.73-151.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
:bibtex_key: rudd1984elr
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Manyanga M. 2006.Resilient Landscapes: socio-environmental dynamics
  in the Shashi-Limpopo Basin southern Zimbabwe c. AD 800 to the present(Doctoral
  dissertation Uppsala University).'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mitchell P. Plug I. Bailey G. Charles R. Esterhuysen A. Thorp J.L. Parker
  A. and Woodborne S. 2011. Beyond the drip-line: a high-resolution open-air Holocene
  hunter-gatherer sequence from highland Lesotho.Antiquity85(330) pp.1225-1242.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rudd S. 1984. Excavations at Lekkerwater Ruins Tsindi Hill Theydon Zimbabwe.The
  South African Archaeological Bulletin 39 pp.83-105.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Sheppard J.G. and Swart E. 1971. Rhodesian radiocarbon measurements IV.Radiocarbon13(2)
  pp.420-431.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Huffman TN. 2007. Handbook to the Iron Age: The archaeology of pre-colonial
  farming societies in southern Africa. University of KwaZulu Natal Press Pietermaritzberg'
:bibtex_type: :misc

Changelog