Site types
Enclosure, schalkenburg, grab 1., single grave, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
051.700° N, 011.467° E
Coordinates (DMS)
051° 42' 00" E, 011° 28' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Germany (DE)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (15)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Bln-2005 bone Homo sapiens 14C 4710±40 BP Hinz et al. 2012 Weninger 2022
K-2418A seed/fruit NA 14C 4420±45 BP Kiel DB 3762 Weninger 2022
K-2418B seed/fruit NA 14C 4310±50 BP Kiel DB 3763 Weninger 2022
Bln-2005 Schalkenburg, Grab 1. collagen, bone Menschenknochen. NA 4710±40 BP Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2420 Grube 151, mittlere Verfüllschicht. grain NA NA 4380±55 BP Breunig 1987, 168 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2418A Grube 284. grain grain, Siehe auch die Vergleichsmessung KN-2418B. NA 4420±45 BP Breunig 1987, 168 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2864 Datiert die Palisadenanlage. charcoal NA NA 5660±65 BP Breunig 1987, 166 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2418B Grube 284. grain grain, Vergleichsmessung zu KN-2418A. NA 4310±50 BP Breunig 1987, 168 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2417 Grube 284. grain NA NA 4310±50 BP Breunig 1987, 168 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2419 Grube 283, basale Brandschicht. grain NA NA 4280±50 BP Breunig 1987, 168 Hinz et al. 2012
KN-2417 Erdwerk grain NA NA 4310±50 BP Furholt 2003, 253 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
KN-2420 Erdwerk collagen, bone NA NA 4380±55 BP Furholt 2003, 254 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
KN-2418A Erdwerk grain NA NA 4420±45 BP Furholt 2003, 253 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
KN-2418B Erdwerk grain NA NA 4310±50 BP Furholt 2003, 253 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
KN-2419 Erdwerk grain NA NA 4280±50 BP Furholt 2003, 254 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014

typological date Typological dates (18)

Classification Estimated age References
Neolithic NA Hinz et al. 2012
Baalberge NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3762
Bernburg NA NA
Neolithic NA Kiel DB 3763
Bernburg NA NA
Baalberge NA Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An
Kugelamphoren NA Breunig 1987, 168
Bernburg NA Breunig 1987, 168
Baalberge NA Breunig 1987, 166
Bernburg NA Breunig 1987, 168
Kugelamphoren NA Breunig 1987, 168
Kugelamphoren NA Breunig 1987, 168
Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age NA Furholt 2003, 253
Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age NA Furholt 2003, 254
Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age NA Furholt 2003, 253
Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age NA Furholt 2003, 253
Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age NA Furholt 2003, 254

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3762]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Kiel DB 3763]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Breunig 1987, 168]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Breunig 1987, 166]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Furholt 2003, 253]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Furholt 2003, 254]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
  • Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
  • Kneisel, J., Hinz, M., & Rinne, C. (2014). RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age [Data set]. https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de [RADON-B]
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3762,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3763,
  
}
@misc{Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 168,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 166,
  
}
@misc{Furholt 2003, 253,
  
}
@misc{Furholt 2003, 254,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
  title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
  author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
  date = {2014},
  url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
  abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
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For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3762","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3763","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 168","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 166","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Furholt 2003, 253","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Furholt 2003, 254","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. 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Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  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---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3762
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3763
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Behrens/Schröter 1980, 141; Müller 2001, 83 mit An
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 168
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 166
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Furholt 2003, 253
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Furholt 2003, 254
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European
    14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
  :author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
  :date: "{2014}"
  :url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
  :abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
    time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
    from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
    factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
    features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
    in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
    to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"

Changelog