Site types
Enclosure and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
051.681° N, 001.263° W
Coordinates (DMS)
051° 40' 00" W, 001° 15' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
United Kingdom (England/Wales)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (68)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrA-30948 trench B3, pit B3, L3 wood pomoideae NA 4740±35 BP 5583–5326 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15400 inner ditch, trench B9, pit B3, L4 in field, L17 in publication, a primary fill of a recut of ditch segment plant remains Prunus spinosa NA 4770±33 BP 5587–5465 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30949 inner ditch, trench B9, pit B3, L4 in field, L17 in publication, a primary fill of a recut of ditch segment plant remains Prunus spinosa NA 4755±35 BP 5585–5329 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-351 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L27 in field, L13 in publication, a partly organic layer with much comminuted charcoal in the middle fills of a recut of ditch segment charcoal NA NA 5060±130 BP 6179–5488 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15398 inner ditch, trench C2. pit C2, L28+L33b in field, L20c in publication collagen, bone Bos taurus NA 4792±34 BP 5588–5475 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15403 outer ditch, L3a, above L4 anf beneath L3 wood quercus sapwood NA 4787±34 BP 5589–5470 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15401 inner ditch, trench B3, pit B3, L3 wood pomoideae NA 4738±33 BP 5582–5326 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15393 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L51 in field, L52 in publication, lens within primary gravel fills, slightly above ditch base collagen, bone cattle, r radius articulating with ulna NA 4832±34 BP 5602–5476 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30942 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L51 in field, L52 in publication, lens within primary gravel fills, slightly above ditch base collagen, bone cattle, r radius articulating with ulna NA 4780±40 BP 5592–5332 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15396 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L11 in field, L45 in publication, topmost surviving primary gravel fill, truncated by recut collagen, bone cattle, distal tibia fragment with fitting unfused epiphysis NA 4833±32 BP 5602–5477 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-350 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L29 in field, L18a+L18b+L18c+L19a in publication, a partly organic backfill in the middle fills of a recut of ditch segment charcoal NA NA 4910±110 BP 5906–5331 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15399 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L36 in field, L15 in publication, one of upper fills in recut of ditch segment collagen, bone cattle? NA 4736±32 BP 5581–5326 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30940 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L5 or 6 in field, L6+L7 in publication, some of upper fills of recut collagen, bone cattle, distal tibia fragment articulating with astragalus NA 4730±40 BP 5581–5325 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30938 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L24 in field, L5b in publication, one of upper fills of recut collagen, bone cattle, ulna articulating with radius NA 4750±40 BP 5585–5327 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15397 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C1, L4 in field L3 in publication, upper fill of recut collagen, bone Bos taurus NA 4854±33 BP 5655–5479 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30933 trench C2, pit C2, L33 in field, lyers 17c+d+e in publication collagen, bone Bos taurus NA 4780±35 BP 5590–5465 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
BM-354 inner ditch, trench C2, pit C2, L23A in field, L4c in publication, an upper layer in the fill of secondary recut (phase 2) of ditch segment collagen, bone Bos taurus NA 4450±145 BP 5552–4647 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-30951 outer ditch, L6, immediately overlying initial silts wood quercus sp. sapwood NA 4890±35 BP 5713–5581 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-31016 outer ditch, L4, above L5 and beneath L3a wood Corylus NA 4810±35 BP 5593–5476 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956 Hinz et al. 2012
OxA-15402 outer ditch, L3, above L3a and beneath L2A plant remains Prunus spinosa NA 4756±32 BP 5584–5331 cal BP Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956 Hinz et al. 2012

typological date Typological dates (68)

Classification Estimated age References
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956
Neolithikum NA Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

  • Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956]
  • No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Case 1956]
  • Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
  • Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022] 
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Case 1956,
  
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}

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---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 413; Avery 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 414; Avery 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Avery 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 416; Case 1956
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011, 415; Case 1956
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"

Changelog