Site types
Funerary complex and

Location

200 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
029.388° N, 031.157° E
Coordinates (DMS)
029° 23' 00" E, 031° 09' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Egypt (EG)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (15)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
OxA-18514 textile NA 14C 4091±29 BP 4801–4450 cal BP Bronk-Ramsey 2010 Weninger 2022
OxA-19141 plant NA 14C 4140±31 BP 4823–4534 cal BP Bronk-Ramsey 2010 Weninger 2022
C-12 wood NA NA 4802±210 BP 5989–4884 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa, Derricourt.1971RadChronENA
ETH-13887 wood NA NA 4112±53 BP 4825–4447 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
ETH-13888 wood NA NA 4149±53 BP 4830–4529 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
ETH-13889 wood NA NA 4156±56 BP 4834–4529 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
ETH-13890 wood NA NA 4050±48 BP 4806–4415 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
ETH-13891 wood NA NA 4102±49 BP 4822–4444 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
OxA-18514 textile NA AMS 4091±29 BP 4801–4450 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch
OxA-19141 plant matter NA AMS 4140±31 BP 4823–4534 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, RamseyDee.2010Radiocarbon
SMU-1392 wood NA NA 4103±148 BP 5024–4153 cal BP CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
SMU-1412 wood NA NA 4807±187 BP 5934–4975 cal BP EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
TF-562 wood NA NA 4310±105 BP 5283–4578 cal BP EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa
SMU-1412 wood NA NA 4807±187 BP 5934–4975 cal BP MedAfriCarbon Bird et al. 2022
TF-562 wood NA NA 4310±105 BP 5283–4578 cal BP Mellaart 1979 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (15)

Classification Estimated age References
Dynastic NA Bronk-Ramsey 2010
Dynasty 4 NA NA
Dynastic NA Bronk-Ramsey 2010
Dynasty 4 NA NA
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa, Derricourt.1971RadChronENA
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, RamseyDee.2010Radiocarbon
Sneferu NA CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
Sneferu NA EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Bronk-Ramsey 2010,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa, Derricourt.1971RadChronENA,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, RamseyDee.2010Radiocarbon,
  
}
@misc{EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO,
  
}
@misc{EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa,
  
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  
}
@misc{Mellaart 1979,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/3689716},
  note = {Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Bronk-Ramsey 2010","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa, Derricourt.1971RadChronENA","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, RamseyDee.2010Radiocarbon","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1979","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}","note":"{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk-Ramsey 2010
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa,
  Derricourt.1971RadChronENA
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, RamseyDee.2010Radiocarbon
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, BonaniHaas.2001RdoO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: EgyRadDat, DeeRowland.2012Synch, PosnanskyMcIntosh.1976NewRadDa
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Mellaart 1979
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}"
  :note: "{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto,
    Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database
    and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700
    BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog