Site types
Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
042.458° N, 025.428° E
Coordinates (DMS)
042° 27' 00" E, 025° 25' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Bulgaria (BG)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (84)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Bln-137 From the settlementlayer III-4 (5,3m); According to Oxford-DB: Hor.III-3 / zone D2 cche 4 charcoal NA NA 5697±100 BP 6726–6297 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-142 From the settlementlayer III-4 (4,7m) / zone B-D2 cche 17 grain MIXED NA 3803±150 BP 4785–3723 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-144 From the settlementlayer IV-2 (6,04m) seed Vicia NA 5597±120 BP 6671–6030 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-150 From the settlementlayer III-2 (4,2m) grain Hordeum vulgare NA 5630±150 BP 6784–6010 cal BP Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-151 From the settlementlayer III-3 (3,6m) seed MIXED NA 5829±100 BP 6884–6402 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-224 From the settlementlayer III (2,18m); According to oxford-DB: Hor.I-3 / Ia/8 charcoal Holzkohle; According to Oxford-DB: grain / charred grain NA 6652±150 BP 7827–7260 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-297 From the settlementlayer III (2,16m); According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-3 charcoal According to Oxford-DB: Seeds; Triticum dicoccum and T. aestivum NA 6675±100 BP 7696–7337 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-297 From the settlementlayer III (2,16m); According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-3 charcoal Accordinh to Oxford-DB: seeds; Triticum dicoccum and T. aestivum NA 6675±100 BP 7696–7337 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-301 From the settlementlayer IV (2,41m); According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-4 charcoal NA NA 6483±100 BP 7571–7170 cal BP Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-134 From the settlementlayer IV-3 (6,21m) charcoal NA NA 5520±200 BP 6785–5895 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-138 From the settlementlayer IV-3 (6,81m) / Area C Rm. 2 Context 7a charcoal NA NA 5621±200 BP 6884–5940 cal BP Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 102; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-141 From the settlementlayer IV-3 (5,9m) / zone D2 cche 7 grain (Triticom monococcum, T. dicoccum) NA 5620±100 BP 6650–6213 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-143 From the settlementlayer III-2 (3,8m) seed Vicia NA 5737±150 BP 6895–6215 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-146 From the settlementlayer IV-1 (5,6m) grain Hordeum NA 5035±150 BP 6182–5472 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-148 From the settlementlayer III-3 (3,6m) seed MIXED NA 5760±150 BP 6936–6284 cal BP Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-267 From the settlementlayer III (1,88m), CCHE BRULEE; According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-3 charcoal NA NA 6758±100 BP 7787–7430 cal BP Breunig 1987, 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-294 From the settlementlayer II(0,66m), ZONE 85W 66; According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-1 / zone C4 cche 9 14 charcoal NA NA 6768±100 BP 7827–7430 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-295 From the settlementlayer II (1,11m), ZONE 83W 11; According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-2 grain Triticum dicoccum and T. aestivum (Emmer und Saat-Weizen/Comon wheat); According to Oxford-DB: seeds NA 6720±100 BP 7776–7425 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-300 From the settlementlayer IV (2,14m), ZONE 132 B; According to Oxford-DB: Hor.I-4 charcoal NA NA 6426±150 BP 7582–6985 cal BP Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012
Bln-430 From the settlementlayer V (2,24m) / Hor.I-5 grain Lathyrus, Vicia, Pisum NA 6279±120 BP 7425–6899 cal BP Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996 Hinz et al. 2012

typological date Typological dates (136)

Classification Estimated age References
V NA Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
V NA Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
VI NA Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
V NA Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
V NA Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
I NA Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
I NA Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
I NA Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
I NA Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA
VI NA Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
Karanovo culture NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Görsdorf 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 102; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987, 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Breunig 1987 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@misc{Senabre/Socias 1993 111; Breunig 1987 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Görsdorf 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 102; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987, 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Breunig 1987 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Senabre/Socias 1993 111; Breunig 1987 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Görsdorf 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Senabre/Socias 1993, 111; Breunig 1987, 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Senabre/Socias 1993, 112; Breunig 1987, 102; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987, 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 111; Shennan/Steele 2000; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 111; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Breunig 1987 113; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Senabre/Socias 1993 111; Breunig 1987 112; Görsdorf/Bojadziev 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"

Changelog