Site type

Location

100 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
043.345° N, 005.114° W
Coordinates (DMS)
043° 20' 00" W, 005° 06' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (15)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Beta-172344 charcoal NA NA 30210±340 BP 35295–34160 cal BP Menendez 2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Mendez / Quaternary International xxx (2017) 1-14. Bird et al. 2022
Beta-186766 bone NA NA 29020±260 BP 34211–32355 cal BP Menendez 2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Quesada LÔøΩpez J.M. 2009. UNED. Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I Nueva ÔøΩpoca. Prehistoria y ArqueologÔøΩa t. 2 2009: Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Bird et al. 2022
Beta-377233 bone Coelodonta antiquitatis Linty NA NA 33610±220 BP 39200–37686 cal BP Hare et al. 2004 Bird et al. 2022
COL-2014 bone Coelodonta antiquitatis Linty NA NA 37429±302 BP 42312–41705 cal BP LinstadterBroich.2016Defin Bird et al. 2022
GrN-17255 NA NA 14020±130 BP 17367–16655 cal BP Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Paris. Haesaerts P. 2002. Quaternaire 14: 163-188.. Nejman L. 2011. Archaeometry 53: 1044-1066. Oliva M.. 1996. Eraul 76:: 115-129. Haesaerts P. 2013. Radiocarbon 55: 641-647. Bird et al. 2022
GrN-19387 NA NA 14170±130 BP 17715–16915 cal BP Raczky et al. 1992 45; Raczky et al. 1994; Jaeger 2010 317 Bird et al. 2022
GrN-19610 NA NA 14090±190 BP 17745–16574 cal BP Corchon Rodriguez S. 1995. Zephyrus 48: 3-19. Djindjian F. 2000. In SFP mÔøΩmoire 28: 95-112. Bird et al. 2022
GrN-19611 NA NA 13890±130 BP 17275–16443 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022
OxA-19244 bone NA NA 43700±800 BP 47615–44778 cal BP Maroto J. 2012. QI 247: 15-25. Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309.. Wood R. 2016. QI ip. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-19245 bone NA NA 44300±1200 BP 48808–44655 cal BP Baena J. QI 2011. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-20122 bone NA NA 47400±2700 BP 35543–45980 cal BP Menendez 2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Quesada LÔøΩpez J.M. 2009. UNED. Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I Nueva ÔøΩpoca. Prehistoria y ArqueologÔøΩa t. 2 2009: Higham T. 2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-20124 bone NA NA 48500±3500 BP 21204–45810 cal BP Hammond et al. 2009: Table 3.1 Bird et al. 2022
OxA-27958 bone NA NA 40300±1200 BP 45105–42267 cal BP Archaeometry datelist 13. Richards M. Hedges R. 2000. JAS 27: 1-89. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-30809 bone NA NA 34750±600 BP 41136–38360 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022
OxA-30810 bone NA NA 33900±550 BP 40040–37156 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (0)

Classification Estimated age References

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Mendez  / Quaternary International xxx (2017) 1-14.,
  
}
@misc{Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Quesada LÔøΩpez J.M.   2009. UNED. Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I Nueva ÔøΩpoca. Prehistoria y ArqueologÔøΩa t. 2 2009: Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309.,
  
}
@misc{Hare et al. 2004,
  
}
@misc{LinstadterBroich.2016Defin,
  
}
@misc{Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Paris. Haesaerts P.  2002. Quaternaire 14: 163-188.. Nejman L.  2011. Archaeometry 53: 1044-1066. Oliva M.. 1996. Eraul 76:: 115-129. Haesaerts P.  2013.  Radiocarbon 55: 641-647.,
  
}
@misc{Raczky et al. 1992 45; Raczky et al. 1994; Jaeger 2010 317,
  
}
@misc{Corchon Rodriguez S. 1995. Zephyrus 48: 3-19. Djindjian F. 2000. In SFP mÔøΩmoire 28: 95-112.,
  
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
  title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
  author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
  year = {2020},
  month = {aug},
  journal = {Data Brief},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {105793},
  issn = {2352-3409},
  doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
  abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
  month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{Maroto J.  2012. QI 247: 15-25. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309.. Wood R.  2016. QI ip.,
  
}
@misc{Baena J. QI 2011.,
  
}
@misc{Hammond et al. 2009: Table 3.1,
  
}
@misc{Archaeometry datelist 13. Richards M. Hedges R. 2000. JAS 27: 1-89.,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Mendez  / Quaternary International xxx (2017) 1-14.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Quesada LÔøΩpez J.M.   2009. UNED. Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I Nueva ÔøΩpoca. Prehistoria y ArqueologÔøΩa t. 2 2009: Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hare et al. 2004","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"LinstadterBroich.2016Defin","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Paris. Haesaerts P.  2002. Quaternaire 14: 163-188.. Nejman L.  2011. Archaeometry 53: 1044-1066. Oliva M.. 1996. Eraul 76:: 115-129. Haesaerts P.  2013.  Radiocarbon 55: 641-647.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Raczky et al. 1992 45; Raczky et al. 1994; Jaeger 2010 317","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Corchon Rodriguez S. 1995. Zephyrus 48: 3-19. Djindjian F. 2000. In SFP mÔøΩmoire 28: 95-112.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Maroto J.  2012. QI 247: 15-25. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309.. Wood R.  2016. QI ip.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Baena J. QI 2011.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hammond et al. 2009: Table 3.1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Archaeometry datelist 13. Richards M. Hedges R. 2000. JAS 27: 1-89.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: 'Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Higham T.  2014.
  Nature 512: 306-309. Mendez  / Quaternary International xxx (2017) 1-14.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Menendez   2005. Monografias 20 Museo de Altamira: 589-617. Quesada
  LÔøΩpez J.M.   2009. UNED. Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I Nueva ÔøΩpoca. Prehistoria
  y ArqueologÔøΩa t. 2 2009: Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hare et al. 2004
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Paris. Haesaerts P.  2002.
  Quaternaire 14: 163-188.. Nejman L.  2011. Archaeometry 53: 1044-1066. Oliva M..
  1996. Eraul 76:: 115-129. Haesaerts P.  2013.  Radiocarbon 55: 641-647.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Raczky et al. 1992 45; Raczky et al. 1994; Jaeger 2010 317
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Corchon Rodriguez S. 1995. Zephyrus 48: 3-19. Djindjian F. 2000. In
  SFP mÔøΩmoire 28: 95-112.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
    of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
  :author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
  :year: "{2020}"
  :month: "{aug}"
  :journal: "{Data Brief}"
  :volume: "{31}"
  :pages: "{105793}"
  :issn: "{2352-3409}"
  :doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
  :abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
    Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
    was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
    humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
    of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
    Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
    conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
    with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
    radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
    try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
    of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
    with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
    Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
    are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
    sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
    For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
    Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
    with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
    available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
    open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
    27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
    of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
    Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
    and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
    are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
    26.}'
  :month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: 'Maroto J.  2012. QI 247: 15-25. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309..
  Wood R.  2016. QI ip.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Baena J. QI 2011.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Hammond et al. 2009: Table 3.1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Archaeometry datelist 13. Richards M. Hedges R. 2000. JAS 27: 1-89.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog