Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
049.987° N, 122.595° W
Coordinates (DMS)
049° 59' 00" W, 122° 35' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Canada (CA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (32)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
B-86695 NA Marine Shell NA NA 3840±80 BP 4506–3987 cal BP Arcas 1995 Bird et al. 2022
B-89696 NA Marine Shell NA NA 4920±70 BP 5893–5479 cal BP Arcas 1995 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83110 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3470±60 BP 3880–3573 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83111 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 1010±50 BP 1053–788 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83112 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 970±70 BP 1052–727 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83113 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3890±60 BP 4511–4149 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83115 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3900±50 BP 4506–4154 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83116 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3900±60 BP 4515–4151 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83117 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3800±60 BP 4406–3990 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83118 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3300±90 BP 3822–3355 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83120 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 2910±70 BP 3318–2860 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-83121 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3860±230 BP 4860–3638 cal BP Kiel DB 4221 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-89697 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 2290±80 BP 2694–2052 cal BP Knell E. J. 1996 Bird et al. 2022
Beta-89974 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 2170±70 BP 2335–1997 cal BP Waters Byrd Reddy 1999 Bird et al. 2022
GSC-440 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 3130±130 BP 3636–2965 cal BP Rutherford et al. 1984; Lowdon et al. 1969; Pendergast 1966; Wright 1985; Jamieson 1990 Bird et al. 2022
GaK-1478 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 630±180 BP 951–290 cal BP Ball 1979 1981; Wilmeth 1978a; Mitchell 1971a; Brolly 1997; Burley 1980; Chisholm 1986; Ham 1981; Matson and Coupland 1995; Matson et al. 1980; Lowdon et al. 1969 Bird et al. 2022
GaK-1479 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 1730±130 BP 1923–1355 cal BP Borden 1970; Wilmeth 1978a; Kigoshi et al. 1969; Coupland 1991 Bird et al. 2022
I-4686 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 340±60 BP 505–292 cal BP Boehm 1973; Calvert 1969 - Permit No. 1969-28; Ham et al. 1986 - Permit No. 1982-21; Millenia research (Eldridge and Fisher) 1997 - Permit No. 1991-116; Eldridge 1984 Bird et al. 2022
SFU-2 NA charcoal; charbon de bois NA NA 1050±110 BP 1244–730 cal BP Hanson 1991; Hutchinson 1992; Yip 1982; Faunmap 4072 Bird et al. 2022
SFU-26 NA human bone collagen; collagène osseux humain NA NA 640±80 BP 719–515 cal BP Coupland 1988; Hobson and Nelson 1983 1984 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (0)

Classification Estimated age References

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{CARD,
  
}
@misc{Arcas 1995,
  
}
@misc{Boehm 1973;  Calvert 1969 - Permit No. 1969-28;  Ham et al. 1986 - Permit No. 1982-21;  Millenia research (Eldridge and Fisher) 1997 - Permit No. 1991-116;  Eldridge 1984,
  
}
@misc{Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 4221,
  
}
@misc{Waters Byrd Reddy 1999,
  
}
@misc{Knell E. J. 1996,
  
}
@misc{Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Chisholm 1986;  Dale 1994;  Hanson 1991 1995;  McMurdo n.d.,
  
}
@misc{Ozainne et al. 2014,
  
}
@misc{Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980,
  
}
@misc{Rutherford et al. 1984; Lowdon et al. 1969; Pendergast 1966; Wright 1985; Jamieson 1990,
  
}
@misc{Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Lowdon et al. 1969,
  
}
@misc{Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Kigoshi et al. 1969;  Coupland 1991,
  
}
@misc{Hutchinson 1992;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Patenaude 1981 1985,
  
}
@misc{Borden 1954 1962;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Chisholm 1986;  Crane and Griffin 1965;  Dale 1994;  Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Duff 1955 1956,
  
}
@misc{Coupland 1988; Hobson and Nelson 1983 1984,
  
}
@misc{Hanson 1991;  Hutchinson 1992;  Yip 1982;  Faunmap 4072,
  
}
@misc{Hebda et al. 1990;  Faunmap 4076,
  
}
@misc{Hobson and Nelson 1983;  Richards and Rousseau 1987;  Mohs 1980b,
  
}
@misc{Hutchinson 1992;  Skinner 1991;  Skinner and Thatcher 1988,
  
}
@misc{Macko,
  
}
@misc{Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Berry and Drimmie 1982,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"CARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Arcas 1995","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boehm 1973;  Calvert 1969 - Permit No. 1969-28;  Ham et al. 1986 - Permit No. 1982-21;  Millenia research (Eldridge and Fisher) 1997 - Permit No. 1991-116;  Eldridge 1984","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 4221","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Waters Byrd Reddy 1999","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Knell E. J. 1996","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Chisholm 1986;  Dale 1994;  Hanson 1991 1995;  McMurdo n.d.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ozainne et al. 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rutherford et al. 1984; Lowdon et al. 1969; Pendergast 1966; Wright 1985; Jamieson 1990","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Lowdon et al. 1969","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Kigoshi et al. 1969;  Coupland 1991","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hutchinson 1992;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Patenaude 1981 1985","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borden 1954 1962;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Chisholm 1986;  Crane and Griffin 1965;  Dale 1994;  Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Duff 1955 1956","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Coupland 1988; Hobson and Nelson 1983 1984","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hanson 1991;  Hutchinson 1992;  Yip 1982;  Faunmap 4072","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hebda et al. 1990;  Faunmap 4076","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hobson and Nelson 1983;  Richards and Rousseau 1987;  Mohs 1980b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hutchinson 1992;  Skinner 1991;  Skinner and Thatcher 1988","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Macko","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Berry and Drimmie 1982","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: CARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Arcas 1995
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Boehm 1973;  Calvert 1969 - Permit No. 1969-28;  Ham et al. 1986 - Permit
  No. 1982-21;  Millenia research (Eldridge and Fisher) 1997 - Permit No. 1991-116;  Eldridge
  1984
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley
  1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 4221
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Waters Byrd Reddy 1999
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Knell E. J. 1996
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Chisholm 1986;  Dale 1994;  Hanson 1991 1995;  McMurdo
  n.d.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ozainne et al. 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Brolly
  1997;  Burley 1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson
  et al. 1980
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rutherford et al. 1984; Lowdon et al. 1969; Pendergast 1966; Wright 1985;
  Jamieson 1990
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley
  1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Lowdon
  et al. 1969
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Borden 1970;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Kigoshi et al. 1969;  Coupland 1991
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hutchinson 1992;  Nelson and Hobson 1982;  Patenaude 1981 1985
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Borden 1954 1962;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Chisholm 1986;  Crane and Griffin
  1965;  Dale 1994;  Carlson and Hobler 1993;  Duff 1955 1956
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Coupland 1988; Hobson and Nelson 1983 1984
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hanson 1991;  Hutchinson 1992;  Yip 1982;  Faunmap 4072
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hebda et al. 1990;  Faunmap 4076
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hobson and Nelson 1983;  Richards and Rousseau 1987;  Mohs 1980b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hutchinson 1992;  Skinner 1991;  Skinner and Thatcher 1988
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Macko
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Ball 1979 1981;  Wilmeth 1978a;  Mitchell 1971a;  Brolly 1997;  Burley
  1980;  Chisholm 1986;  Ham 1981;  Matson and Coupland 1995;  Matson et al. 1980;  Berry
  and Drimmie 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog