Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
032.162° S, 018.333° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 09' 00" E, 018° 19' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (30)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
OxA-6219 Human burial bone Homo sapiens AMS 2445±50 BP pfeiffer2013pds
Pta-6134 3 (b) ORACLE charcoal NA conventional 14C 2690±60 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6136 1(t) TWIG charcoal NA conventional 14C 2200±60 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6420 4b (t)SHAMAN charcoal NA conventional 14C 3990±60 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6424 1(b) HbAST charcoal NA conventional 14C 2200±50 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6498 2 HAWK2+3 bone NA conventional 14C 2360±45 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6505 3 (t) KESTREL 2 plant remains NA conventional 14C 2490±50 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6794 4a (t) GRFU marine shell Choromytilus meridionalis conventional 14C 3510±50 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6805 4a (b) LFSO marine shell Choromytilus meridionalis conventional 14C 3640±60 BP jerardino1996csl
Pta-6808 5 charcoal NA conventional 14C 6070±80 BP jerardino2014dcs
Pta-7015 3a wood NA conventional 14C 2510±50 BP jerardino2014dcs
Pta-7020 4a marine shell Choromytilus meridionalis conventional 14C 3635±30 BP jerardino2014dcs
Pta-7323 5 charcoal NA conventional 14C 4620±70 BP jerardino2014dcs
Pta-7326 5 charcoal NA conventional 14C 7950±80 BP jerardino2014dcs
Pta-7327 5 charcoal NA conventional 14C 8370±80 BP jerardino2014dcs
OxA-6219 bone NA NA 2445±50 BP SARD Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6134 charcoal NA NA 2690±60 BP Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town). Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6136 charcoal NA NA 2200±60 BP Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6420 charcoal NA NA 3990±60 BP Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town). Bird et al. 2022
Pta-6424 charcoal NA NA 2200±50 BP Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town). Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (30)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA pfeiffer2013pds
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
Final LSA NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino1996csl
NA NA
LSA NA jerardino2014dcs
NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{pfeiffer2013pds,
  
}
@misc{jerardino1996csl,
  
}
@misc{jerardino2014dcs,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
  
}
@misc{Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.,
  
}
@misc{Mazel A.D. 1997. Mzinyashana Shelters 1 and 2: excavation of mid and late Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg Thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities9(12) pp.1-35.,
  
}
@misc{Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.,
  
}
@misc{Jerardino A. Wiltshire N. Webley L. Tusenius M. Halkett D. Hoffman M.T. and Maggs T. 2014. Site distribution and chronology at Soutpansklipheuwel a rocky outcrop on the West Coast of South Africa.The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology9(1) pp.88-110.,
  
}
@misc{Humphreys A.J.B. 1974. Note on a date for a burial from the Riet River. South African Journal of Science 70: 271.,
  
}
@misc{Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117,
  
}
@misc{Parsons I. 2000. Later Stone Age open-air sites on Bloubos Northern Cape.Southern African Field Archaeology9 pp.55-67.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"pfeiffer2013pds","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"jerardino1996csl","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"jerardino2014dcs","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mazel A.D. 1997. Mzinyashana Shelters 1 and 2: excavation of mid and late Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg Thukela Basin South Africa.Southern African Humanities9(12) pp.1-35.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Jerardino A. Wiltshire N. Webley L. Tusenius M. Halkett D. Hoffman M.T. and Maggs T. 2014. Site distribution and chronology at Soutpansklipheuwel a rocky outcrop on the West Coast of South Africa.The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology9(1) pp.88-110.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Humphreys A.J.B. 1974. Note on a date for a burial from the Riet River. South African Journal of Science 70: 271.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III. Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parsons I. 2000. Later Stone Age open-air sites on Bloubos Northern Cape.Southern African Field Archaeology9 pp.55-67.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: pfeiffer2013pds
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: jerardino1996csl
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: jerardino2014dcs
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino AMS. 1996.Changing social landscapes of the western Cape coast
  of southern Africa over the last 4500 years(Doctoral dissertation University of
  Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vogel J.C. 2000. Radiocarbon dating of the Iron Age sequence in the Limpopo
  Valley.Goodwin Series pp.51-57.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mazel A.D. 1997. Mzinyashana Shelters 1 and 2: excavation of mid and
  late Holocene deposits in the eastern Biggarsberg Thukela Basin South Africa.Southern
  African Humanities9(12) pp.1-35.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Deacon H.J. 1976.Where hunters gathered: a study of Holocene Stone Age
  people in the eastern Cape(No. 1). South African Archaeological Society.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Jerardino A. Wiltshire N. Webley L. Tusenius M. Halkett D. Hoffman M.T.
  and Maggs T. 2014. Site distribution and chronology at Soutpansklipheuwel a rocky
  outcrop on the West Coast of South Africa.The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology9(1)
  pp.88-110.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Humphreys A.J.B. 1974. Note on a date for a burial from the Riet River.
  South African Journal of Science 70: 271.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Vogel JC Fuls A and Visser E. 1986. Pretoria Radiocarbon dates III.
  Radiocarbon 28: 1133-117'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parsons I. 2000. Later Stone Age open-air sites on Bloubos Northern Cape.Southern
  African Field Archaeology9 pp.55-67.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog