Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
024.760° S, 027.750° E
Coordinates (DMS)
024° 45' 00" E, 027° 45' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (16)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
AA-77929 charcoal NA conventional 14C 141±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77935 charcoal NA conventional 14C 124±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77936 charcoal NA conventional 14C 211±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77937 charcoal NA conventional 14C 225±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77938 charcoal NA conventional 14C 264±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77939 charcoal NA conventional 14C 160±32 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77940 charcoal NA conventional 14C 237±32 BP bandama2015ece
Pta-2850 charcoal NA conventional 14C 190±30 BP bandama2015ece
AA-77929 charcoal NA NA 141±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77935 charcoal NA NA 124±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77936 charcoal NA NA 211±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77937 charcoal NA NA 225±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77938 charcoal NA NA 264±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77939 charcoal NA NA 160±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
AA-77940 charcoal NA NA 237±32 BP Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-2850 charcoal NA NA 190±30 BP Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA bandama2015ece
Later Iron Age NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{bandama2015ece,
  
}
@misc{Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91.,
  
}
@misc{Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"bandama2015ece","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological Science62 pp.82-91.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: bandama2015ece
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bandama F. Hall S. and Chirikure S. 2015. Eiland crucibles and the earliest
  relative dating for tin and bronze working in Southern Africa.Journal of Archaeological
  Science62 pp.82-91.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age
  studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog