Sibudu Cave
Archaeological site
in South Africa
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Contributors: XRONOS development team
Location
Radiocarbon dates
(23)
| Lab ID | Context | Material | Taxon | Method | Uncalibrated age | Calibrated age | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pta-8142 | charcoal | NA | NA | 34300±2000 BP | Ohinata F. 2002. The beginning of'Tsonga'archaeology: excavations at Simunye north-eastern Swaziland.Southern African Humanities14(1) pp.23-50. Bird et al. 2022 | ||
| Pta-9196 | charcoal | NA | NA | 1030±40 BP | Wood M. Dussubieux L. and Wadley L. 2009. A cache of∼ 5000 glass beads from the Sibudu Cave Iron Age occupation.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.239-261. Bird et al. 2022 | ||
| Pta-9202 | charcoal | NA | NA | 970±50 BP | SARD Bird et al. 2022 |
Typological dates
(26)
| Classification | Estimated age | References |
|---|---|---|
| MSA | NA | wadley2001lms |
| Final MSA | NA | NA |
| Iron Age | NA | wood2009cgb |
| NA | NA | |
| Iron Age | NA | wood2009cgb |
| NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [wadley2005tsf]
- No bibliographic information available. [wadley2006sbe]
- No bibliographic information available. [wadley2001lms]
- No bibliographic information available. [wood2009cgb]
- No bibliographic information available. [Pearce 2013]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wadley L. and Jacobs Z. 2006. Sibudu Cave: background to the excavations stratigraphy and dating.Southern African Humanities18(1) pp.1-26.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Patrick M.K. 1989.An archaeological anthropological study of the human skeletal remains from the Oakhurst Rockshelter George Cape Province Southern Africa(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wadley L. 2005. A typological study of the final Middle Stone Age stone tools from Sibudu Cave KwaZulu-Natal.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.51-63.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wadley L. 2001. Who Lived in Mauermanshoek Shelter Korannaberg South Africaà.African Archaeological Review18(3) pp.153-179.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ohinata F. 2001. Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland: pots people and life during the first and second millennia AD. (Doctoral dissertation: University of Oxford).]
- No bibliographic information available. [Ohinata F. 2002. The beginning of'Tsonga'archaeology: excavations at Simunye north-eastern Swaziland.Southern African Humanities14(1) pp.23-50.]
- No bibliographic information available. [Wood M. Dussubieux L. and Wadley L. 2009. A cache of∼ 5000 glass beads from the Sibudu Cave Iron Age occupation.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.239-261.]
- No bibliographic information available. [SARD]
- https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database [SARD]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{wadley2005tsf,
}
@misc{wadley2006sbe,
}
@misc{wadley2001lms,
}
@misc{wood2009cgb,
}
@misc{Pearce 2013,
}
@misc{Wadley L. and Jacobs Z. 2006. Sibudu Cave: background to the excavations stratigraphy and dating.Southern African Humanities18(1) pp.1-26.,
}
@misc{Patrick M.K. 1989.An archaeological anthropological study of the human skeletal remains from the Oakhurst Rockshelter George Cape Province Southern Africa(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).,
}
@misc{Wadley L. 2005. A typological study of the final Middle Stone Age stone tools from Sibudu Cave KwaZulu-Natal.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.51-63.,
}
@misc{Wadley L. 2001. Who Lived in Mauermanshoek Shelter Korannaberg South Africaà.African Archaeological Review18(3) pp.153-179.,
}
@misc{Ohinata F. 2001. Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland: pots people and life during the first and second millennia AD. (Doctoral dissertation: University of Oxford).,
}
@misc{Ohinata F. 2002. The beginning of'Tsonga'archaeology: excavations at Simunye north-eastern Swaziland.Southern African Humanities14(1) pp.23-50.,
}
@misc{Wood M. Dussubieux L. and Wadley L. 2009. A cache of∼ 5000 glass beads from the Sibudu Cave Iron Age occupation.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.239-261.,
}
@misc{SARD,
}
@misc{SARD,
url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"wadley2005tsf","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley2006sbe","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wadley2001lms","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"wood2009cgb","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pearce 2013","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. and Jacobs Z. 2006. Sibudu Cave: background to the excavations stratigraphy and dating.Southern African Humanities18(1) pp.1-26.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Patrick M.K. 1989.An archaeological anthropological study of the human skeletal remains from the Oakhurst Rockshelter George Cape Province Southern Africa(Doctoral dissertation University of Cape Town).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 2005. A typological study of the final Middle Stone Age stone tools from Sibudu Cave KwaZulu-Natal.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.51-63.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wadley L. 2001. Who Lived in Mauermanshoek Shelter Korannaberg South Africaà.African Archaeological Review18(3) pp.153-179.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ohinata F. 2001. Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland: pots people and life during the first and second millennia AD. (Doctoral dissertation: University of Oxford).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Ohinata F. 2002. The beginning of'Tsonga'archaeology: excavations at Simunye north-eastern Swaziland.Southern African Humanities14(1) pp.23-50.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Wood M. Dussubieux L. and Wadley L. 2009. A cache of∼ 5000 glass beads from the Sibudu Cave Iron Age occupation.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.239-261.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
:bibtex_key: wadley2005tsf
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2006sbe
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wadley2001lms
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: wood2009cgb
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Pearce 2013
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Wadley L. and Jacobs Z. 2006. Sibudu Cave: background to the excavations
stratigraphy and dating.Southern African Humanities18(1) pp.1-26.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Patrick M.K. 1989.An archaeological anthropological study of the human
skeletal remains from the Oakhurst Rockshelter George Cape Province Southern Africa(Doctoral
dissertation University of Cape Town).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wadley L. 2005. A typological study of the final Middle Stone Age stone
tools from Sibudu Cave KwaZulu-Natal.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.51-63.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wadley L. 2001. Who Lived in Mauermanshoek Shelter Korannaberg South
Africaà.African Archaeological Review18(3) pp.153-179.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ohinata F. 2001. Archaeology of iron-using farming communities in Swaziland:
pots people and life during the first and second millennia AD. (Doctoral dissertation:
University of Oxford).'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Ohinata F. 2002. The beginning of''Tsonga''archaeology: excavations
at Simunye north-eastern Swaziland.Southern African Humanities14(1) pp.23-50.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Wood M. Dussubieux L. and Wadley L. 2009. A cache of∼ 5000 glass beads
from the Sibudu Cave Iron Age occupation.Southern African Humanities21(1) pp.239-261.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
:note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"