Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
030.240° S, 017.251° E
Coordinates (DMS)
030° 14' 00" E, 017° 15' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (12)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
OxA-24517 X-11 P3 bone Chersina AMS 262±23 BP orton2012han
OxA-24518 H-5 midden, Patch 1B bone Chersina AMS 321±23 BP orton2012tbn
OxA-24519 L ~Tort 3 Patch 1A bone Chersina AMS 891±23 BP orton2012tbn
OxA-24520 O5 Tortoise burial Patch 1A bone Chersina AMS 339±24 BP orton2012tbn
OxA-24521 O5 midden/SAM Patch 1A bone Chersina AMS 354±23 BP orton2012tbn
OxA-24522 R-10 Patch 1C bone Chersina AMS 355±24 BP orton2012tbn
OxA-24517 bone NA NA 262±23 BP Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-24518 bone NA NA 321±23 BP Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-24519 bone NA NA 891±23 BP Pirson S. 2009. Notae Praehistoricae 29: 59-75. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-24520 bone NA NA 339±24 BP Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-24521 bone NA NA 354±23 BP Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114. Bird et al. 2022
OxA-24522 bone NA NA 355±24 BP Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford). Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (12)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA orton2012han
NA NA
LSA NA orton2012tbn
NA NA
LSA NA orton2012tbn
NA NA
LSA NA orton2012tbn
NA NA
LSA NA orton2012tbn
NA NA
LSA NA orton2012tbn
NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{orton2012han,
  
}
@misc{orton2012tbn,
  
}
@misc{Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114.,
  
}
@misc{Pirson S. 2009. Notae Praehistoricae 29: 59-75.,
  
}
@misc{Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford).,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"orton2012han","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"orton2012tbn","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Pirson S. 2009. Notae Praehistoricae 29: 59-75.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa: hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University of Oxford).","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: orton2012han
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: orton2012tbn
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Orton J. 2012. Tortoise burials in Namaqualand: uncovering ritual behaviour
  on South Africa’s west coast. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 47: 99–114.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Pirson S. 2009. Notae Praehistoricae 29: 59-75.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Orton J. 2012.Late Holocene archaeology in Namaqualand South Africa:
  hunter-gatherers and herders in a semi-arid environment(Doctoral dissertation University
  of Oxford).'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog