Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
025.612° S, 027.969° E
Coordinates (DMS)
025° 36' 00" E, 027° 58' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (15)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-8852 HKF3 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 90±40 BP 269–11 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8855 HKF6 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 90±50 BP 276–8 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8856 HKF5 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 140±50 BP 280–170 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8857 HKF4 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 120±50 BP 280–5 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8858 HKF7 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 240±50 BP 452–72 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8861 HKF8 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 50±70 BP 277–7 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8864 HKF9 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 390±50 BP 515–314 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8866 HKF2 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 40±45 BP 265–22 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8870 HKF1 bone Homo sapiens conventional 14C 40±50 BP 267–14 cal BP nienaber2005rea
Pta-8852 bone NA NA 90±40 BP 269–11 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-8855 bone NA NA 90±50 BP 276–8 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-8856 bone NA NA 140±50 BP 280–170 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-8857 bone NA NA 120±50 BP 280–5 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-8858 bone NA NA 240±50 BP 452–72 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-8864 bone NA NA 390±50 BP 515–314 cal BP Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (18)

Classification Estimated age References
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA
Iron Age NA nienaber2005rea
NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{nienaber2005rea,
  
}
@misc{Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"nienaber2005rea","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: nienaber2005rea
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Nienaber W.C. and Steyn M. 2005. The rescue excavation and analysis of
  human remains from Hoekfontein North West Province South Africa.The South African
  Archaeological Bulletin pp.1-9.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog