Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
027.617° S, 024.633° E
Coordinates (DMS)
027° 37' 00" E, 024° 37' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (13)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-2452 Stratum 1a upper charcoal NA conventional 14C 2390±60 BP vogel1986prd
Pta-2495 Stratum 1a, base eggshell Struthio camelus conventional 14C 7480±80 BP vogel1986prd
Pta-2741 Stratum 2a geological carbonate NA conventional 14C vogel1986prd
Pta-2789 52 cmStratum 1b upper eggshell Struthio camelus conventional 14C 5060±60 BP vogel1986prd
Pta-2791 52 cmStratum 1 b upper eggshell Struthio camelus conventional 14C 5460±70 BP vogel1986prd
Pta-4051/57 Stratum 2b bone NA conventional 14C 10800±270 BP vogel1986prd
Pta-4409 Layer 2b NA conventional 14C 16300±160 BP beaumont1990w
Pta-2452 charcoal NA NA 2390±60 BP Klapwijk M. and Huffman T.N. 1996. Excavations at Silver Leaves: a final report.The South African Archaeological Bulletin: 84-93. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-2495 eggshell NA NA 7480±80 BP Robey T. 1980. Mpambanyoni: a Late Iron Age site on the Natal south coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.147-164. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-2789 eggshell NA NA 5060±60 BP Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-2791 eggshell NA NA 5460±70 BP Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-4051/57 bone NA NA 10800±270 BP SARD Bird et al. 2022
Pta-4409 NA NA 16300±160 BP Smith A.B. and Jacobson L. 1995. Excavations at Geduld and the appearance of early domestic stock in Namibia.South African Archaeological Bulletin50(161) pp.3-14. Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (14)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
LSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
MSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
LSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
LSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
LSA NA vogel1986prd
NA NA
LSA NA beaumont1990w
Robberg NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{vogel1986prd,
  
}
@misc{beaumont1990w,
  
}
@misc{Klapwijk M. and Huffman T.N. 1996. Excavations at Silver Leaves: a final report.The South African Archaeological Bulletin: 84-93.,
  
}
@misc{Robey T. 1980. Mpambanyoni: a Late Iron Age site on the Natal south coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.147-164.,
  
}
@misc{Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{Smith A.B. and Jacobson L. 1995. Excavations at Geduld and the appearance of early domestic stock in Namibia.South African Archaeological Bulletin50(161) pp.3-14.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"vogel1986prd","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"beaumont1990w","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Klapwijk M. and Huffman T.N. 1996. Excavations at Silver Leaves: a final report.The South African Archaeological Bulletin: 84-93.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Robey T. 1980. Mpambanyoni: a Late Iron Age site on the Natal south coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.147-164.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Smith A.B. and Jacobson L. 1995. Excavations at Geduld and the appearance of early domestic stock in Namibia.South African Archaeological Bulletin50(161) pp.3-14.","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: vogel1986prd
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: beaumont1990w
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Klapwijk M. and Huffman T.N. 1996. Excavations at Silver Leaves: a final
  report.The South African Archaeological Bulletin: 84-93.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Robey T. 1980. Mpambanyoni: a Late Iron Age site on the Natal south
  coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.147-164.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Humphreys AJ and Thackeray AI. 1983.Ghaap and Gariep: Later Stone Age
  studies in the northern Cape(No. 2). South African Archaeological Society:Cape Town.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Smith A.B. and Jacobson L. 1995. Excavations at Geduld and the appearance
  of early domestic stock in Namibia.South African Archaeological Bulletin50(161)
  pp.3-14.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog