Site type

Location

200 m
Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community
Coordinates (degrees)
032.083° S, 018.867° E
Coordinates (DMS)
032° 04' 00" E, 018° 52' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (12)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-125 charcoal NA conventional 14C 380±45 BP 508–315 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-126 charcoal NA conventional 14C 350±50 BP 495–309 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-127 charcoal NA conventional 14C 1850±50 BP 1883–1620 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-167 charcoal NA conventional 14C 90±50 BP 276–8 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-168 charcoal NA conventional 14C 485±45 BP 626–470 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-346 plant remains NA conventional 14C 390±45 BP 513–315 cal BP parkington1971eh
Pta-125 charcoal NA NA 380±45 BP 508–315 cal BP Parkington J. and Poggenpoel C. 1971. Excavations at de Hangen 1968.The South African Archaeological Bulletin26(101/102) pp.3-36. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-126 charcoal NA NA 350±50 BP 495–309 cal BP Parkington J. and Poggenpoel C. 1971. Excavations at de Hangen 1968.The South African Archaeological Bulletin26(101/102) pp.3-36. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-127 charcoal NA NA 1850±50 BP 1883–1620 cal BP WadleyL. 1993.The Pleistocene Later Stone Age south of the Limpopo River.Journal of World Prehistory 7:243–296. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-167 charcoal NA NA 90±50 BP 276–8 cal BP Taylor M.O.V. 1979. Wildebeestfontein: a late Iron Age site in the southeast Transvaal.Goodwin Series (3) pp.120-129. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-168 charcoal NA NA 485±45 BP 626–470 cal BP Maggs T. 1982. Mgoduyanuka: terminal Iron Age settlement in the Natal grasslands.Annals of the Natal Museum25(1) pp.83-113. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-346 plant remains NA NA 390±45 BP 513–315 cal BP Gopher and Gophna 1993 306 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (12)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA
LSA NA parkington1971eh
Ceramic LSA NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{parkington1971eh,
  
}
@misc{Parkington J. and Poggenpoel C. 1971. Excavations at de Hangen 1968.The South African Archaeological Bulletin26(101/102) pp.3-36.,
  
}
@misc{WadleyL. 1993.The Pleistocene Later Stone Age south of the Limpopo River.Journal of World Prehistory 7:243–296.,
  
}
@misc{Taylor M.O.V. 1979. Wildebeestfontein: a late Iron Age site in the southeast Transvaal.Goodwin Series (3) pp.120-129.,
  
}
@misc{Maggs T. 1982. Mgoduyanuka: terminal Iron Age settlement in the Natal grasslands.Annals of the Natal Museum25(1) pp.83-113.,
  
}
@misc{Gopher and Gophna 1993 306,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"parkington1971eh","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parkington J. and Poggenpoel C. 1971. Excavations at de Hangen 1968.The South African Archaeological Bulletin26(101/102) pp.3-36.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"WadleyL. 1993.The Pleistocene Later Stone Age south of the Limpopo River.Journal of World Prehistory 7:243–296.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Taylor M.O.V. 1979. Wildebeestfontein: a late Iron Age site in the southeast Transvaal.Goodwin Series (3) pp.120-129.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Maggs T. 1982. Mgoduyanuka: terminal Iron Age settlement in the Natal grasslands.Annals of the Natal Museum25(1) pp.83-113.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gopher and Gophna 1993 306","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: parkington1971eh
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parkington J. and Poggenpoel C. 1971. Excavations at de Hangen 1968.The
  South African Archaeological Bulletin26(101/102) pp.3-36.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: WadleyL. 1993.The Pleistocene Later Stone Age south of the Limpopo River.Journal
  of World Prehistory 7:243–296.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Taylor M.O.V. 1979. Wildebeestfontein: a late Iron Age site in the southeast
  Transvaal.Goodwin Series (3) pp.120-129.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Maggs T. 1982. Mgoduyanuka: terminal Iron Age settlement in the Natal
  grasslands.Annals of the Natal Museum25(1) pp.83-113.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gopher and Gophna 1993 306
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog