Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
033.667° S, 021.867° E
Coordinates (DMS)
033° 40' 00" E, 021° 52' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
South Africa (ZA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (16)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-1481 BOL2 NA conventional 14C 5120±65 BP 5998–5663 cal BP opperman1978ebs
Pta-1484 HE1 NA conventional 14C 8960±80 BP 10246–9776 cal BP opperman1978ebs
Pta-1805 HE2 NA conventional 14C 11875±115 BP 14026–13505 cal BP opperman1978ebs
Pta-1807 HE2 NA conventional 14C 22575±270 BP 27347–26280 cal BP opperman1978ebs
Pta-1841 CH3 NA conventional 14C 7460±65 BP 8392–8058 cal BP opperman1978ebs
UW-339 HE2 NA conventional 14C 22800±850 BP 28744–25351 cal BP opperman1978ebs
UW-340 CH3 NA conventional 14C 7300±120 BP 8366–7876 cal BP opperman1978ebs
UW-341 BOL1 NA conventional 14C 3840±80 BP 4506–3987 cal BP opperman1978ebs
Pta-1481 NA NA 5120±65 BP 5998–5663 cal BP Horowitz A. Sampson C.G. Scott L. and Vogel J.C. 1978. Analysis of the Voigtspost site OFS South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.152-159. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-1484 NA NA 8960±80 BP 10246–9776 cal BP Inskeep R.R. 1987. Nelson Bay Cave. Cape Province South Africa: The Holocene Levels. British Archaeological Reports International Series 357. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-1805 NA NA 11875±115 BP 14026–13505 cal BP Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-1807 NA NA 22575±270 BP 27347–26280 cal BP Gallegos Bird et al. 2022
Pta-1841 NA NA 7460±65 BP 8392–8058 cal BP Hall M. 1980. Enkwazini an Iron Age site on the Zululand coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.97-109. Bird et al. 2022
UW-339 NA NA 22800±850 BP 28744–25351 cal BP Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38. Bird et al. 2022
UW-340 NA NA 7300±120 BP 8366–7876 cal BP Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38. Bird et al. 2022
UW-341 NA NA 3840±80 BP 4506–3987 cal BP SARD Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (16)

Classification Estimated age References
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
Wilton NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
Oakhurst NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
ELSA NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
Wilton NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
ELSA NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
Wilton NA NA
LSA NA opperman1978ebs
Wilton NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{opperman1978ebs,
  
}
@misc{Horowitz A. Sampson C.G. Scott L. and Vogel J.C. 1978. Analysis of the Voigtspost site OFS South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.152-159.,
  
}
@misc{Inskeep R.R. 1987. Nelson Bay Cave. Cape Province South Africa: The Holocene Levels. British Archaeological Reports International Series 357.,
  
}
@misc{Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38.,
  
}
@misc{Gallegos,
  
}
@misc{Hall M. 1980. Enkwazini an Iron Age site on the Zululand coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.97-109.,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"opperman1978ebs","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Horowitz A. Sampson C.G. Scott L. and Vogel J.C. 1978. Analysis of the Voigtspost site OFS South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.152-159.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Inskeep R.R. 1987. Nelson Bay Cave. Cape Province South Africa: The Holocene Levels. British Archaeological Reports International Series 357.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Gallegos","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hall M. 1980. Enkwazini an Iron Age site on the Zululand coast.Annals of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.97-109.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: opperman1978ebs
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Horowitz A. Sampson C.G. Scott L. and Vogel J.C. 1978. Analysis of the
  Voigtspost site OFS South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.152-159.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Inskeep R.R. 1987. Nelson Bay Cave. Cape Province South Africa: The
  Holocene Levels. British Archaeological Reports International Series 357.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Opperman H. 1978. Excavations in the Buffelskloof rock shelter near Calitzdorp
  southern Cape.The South African Archaeological Bulletin33(127) pp.18-38.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Gallegos
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hall M. 1980. Enkwazini an Iron Age site on the Zululand coast.Annals
  of the Natal Museum24(1) pp.97-109.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: SARD
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog