Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
023.513° S, 027.133° E
Coordinates (DMS)
023° 30' 00" E, 027° 07' 00" S
Country (ISO 3166)
Botswana (BW)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (12)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Pta-9167 Letamong charcoal NA conventional 14C 870±45 BP 906–686 cal BP biemond2014sal
Pta-9169 Onjombo charcoal NA conventional 14C 760±50 BP 775–567 cal BP biemond2014sal
Pta-9303 charcoal NA conventional 14C 300±15 BP 429–305 cal BP biemond2014sal
Pta-9392 Lekotsane charcoal NA conventional 14C 1010±40 BP 973–792 cal BP biemond2014sal
Pta-9442 Setlhong charcoal NA conventional 14C 670±50 BP 680–551 cal BP biemond2014sal
UGAMS-03982 NA AMS 315±25 BP 455–306 cal BP biemond2014sal
Pta-9167 charcoal NA NA 870±45 BP 906–686 cal BP Biemond W.M. 2014.The Iron Age sequence around a Limpopo River floodplain on Basinghall farm Tuli Block Botswana during the second millennium AD(Masters dissertation UNISA). Bird et al. 2022
Pta-9169 charcoal NA NA 760±50 BP 775–567 cal BP Carter P.L. Mitchell P.J. and Vinnicombe P. 1988. Sehonghong: The Middle and Later Stone Age industrial sequence at a Lesotho rockshelter. British Archaeological Reports International Series. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-9303 charcoal NA NA 300±15 BP 429–305 cal BP Dewar G. 2008. The archaeology of the coastal desert of Namaqualand South Africa: a regional synthesis. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports International Series 1761 Bird et al. 2022
Pta-9392 charcoal NA NA 1010±40 BP 973–792 cal BP Orton J. and Compton J.S. 2006. A reworked mid-Holocene lithic assemblage at Dunefield midden 1 Elands Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.90-95. Bird et al. 2022
Pta-9442 charcoal NA NA 670±50 BP 680–551 cal BP Parsons I. 2008. Five Later Stone Age artefact assemblages from the interior Northern Cape province.The South African Archaeological Bulletin63(187) pp.51-60. Bird et al. 2022
UGAMS-03982 NA NA 315±25 BP 455–306 cal BP Theler and Pfaffenroth 2010:68 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (12)

Classification Estimated age References
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
NA NA
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
NA NA
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
Later Iron Age NA NA
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
NA NA
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
NA NA
Iron Age NA biemond2014sal
Later Iron Age NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{biemond2014sal,
  
}
@misc{Biemond W.M. 2014.The Iron Age sequence around a Limpopo River floodplain on Basinghall farm Tuli Block Botswana during the second millennium AD(Masters dissertation UNISA).,
  
}
@misc{Carter P.L. Mitchell P.J. and Vinnicombe P. 1988. Sehonghong: The Middle and Later Stone Age industrial sequence at a Lesotho rockshelter. British Archaeological Reports International Series.,
  
}
@misc{Dewar G. 2008. The archaeology of the coastal desert of Namaqualand South Africa: a regional synthesis. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports International Series 1761,
  
}
@misc{Orton J. and Compton J.S. 2006. A reworked mid-Holocene lithic assemblage at Dunefield midden 1 Elands Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.90-95.,
  
}
@misc{Parsons I. 2008. Five Later Stone Age artefact assemblages from the interior Northern Cape province.The South African Archaeological Bulletin63(187) pp.51-60.,
  
}
@misc{Theler and Pfaffenroth 2010:68,
  
}
@misc{SARD,
  url = {https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database},
  note = { Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"biemond2014sal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Biemond W.M. 2014.The Iron Age sequence around a Limpopo River floodplain on Basinghall farm Tuli Block Botswana during the second millennium AD(Masters dissertation UNISA).","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Carter P.L. Mitchell P.J. and Vinnicombe P. 1988. Sehonghong: The Middle and Later Stone Age industrial sequence at a Lesotho rockshelter. British Archaeological Reports International Series.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Dewar G. 2008. The archaeology of the coastal desert of Namaqualand South Africa: a regional synthesis. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports International Series 1761","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Orton J. and Compton J.S. 2006. A reworked mid-Holocene lithic assemblage at Dunefield midden 1 Elands Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin pp.90-95.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Parsons I. 2008. Five Later Stone Age artefact assemblages from the interior Northern Cape province.The South African Archaeological Bulletin63(187) pp.51-60.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Theler and Pfaffenroth 2010:68","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"SARD","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}","note":"{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: biemond2014sal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Biemond W.M. 2014.The Iron Age sequence around a Limpopo River floodplain
  on Basinghall farm Tuli Block Botswana during the second millennium AD(Masters dissertation
  UNISA).
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Carter P.L. Mitchell P.J. and Vinnicombe P. 1988. Sehonghong: The Middle
  and Later Stone Age industrial sequence at a Lesotho rockshelter. British Archaeological
  Reports International Series.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Dewar G. 2008. The archaeology of the coastal desert of Namaqualand
  South Africa: a regional synthesis. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports International
  Series 1761'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Orton J. and Compton J.S. 2006. A reworked mid-Holocene lithic assemblage
  at Dunefield midden 1 Elands Bay South Africa.The South African Archaeological Bulletin
  pp.90-95.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Parsons I. 2008. Five Later Stone Age artefact assemblages from the interior
  Northern Cape province.The South African Archaeological Bulletin63(187) pp.51-60.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Theler and Pfaffenroth 2010:68
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: SARD
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://github.com/emmaloftus/Southern-African-Radiocarbon-Database}"
  :note: "{ Loftus, E., Mitchell, P., & Ramsey, C. (2019). An archaeological radiocarbon
    database for southern Africa. Antiquity, 93(370), 870-885. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.75}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog