Site types
Cave and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
043.290° N, 003.710° W
Coordinates (DMS)
043° 17' 00" W, 003° 42' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (18)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
BM-1456 habitat bone NA 14C 29100±1400 BP 36149–30830 cal BP Burleigh et al. 1982 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1457 habitat bone NA 14C 27150±0 BP 31174–31160 cal BP Burleigh et al. 1982 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1456A habitat bone NA 14C 25657±950 BP 31345–27859 cal BP Burleigh et al. 1982 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1455 habitat NA NA 14C 16433±131 BP 20175–19533 cal BP Djindjian 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1453 habitat NA NA 14C 15988±193 BP 19817–18868 cal BP Djindjian 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1452 habitat NA NA 14C 15173±160 BP 18775–18225 cal BP Djindjian 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1451 habitat NA NA 14C 12896±137 BP 15790–15040 cal BP “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1450 habitat NA NA 14C 12282±164 BP 14968–13807 cal BP “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1448 habitat NA NA 14C 10558±244 BP 13058–11510 cal BP “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1449 habitat NA NA 14C 10486±90 BP 12694–12043 cal BP “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
BM-1448 NA NA NA NA 10558±244 BP 13058–11510 cal BP Banadora Straus L.G. 2011.QI 242: 328-335. Bird et al. 2022
BM-1449 NA NA NA NA 10486±90 BP 12694–12043 cal BP Larsson 2019 Bird et al. 2022
BM-1450 NA NA NA NA 12282±164 BP 14968–13807 cal BP Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Bird et al. 2022
BM-1451 NA NA NA NA 12898±137 BP 15795–15040 cal BP Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Gonzales Echegaray J. 1981. El Paleolitico superior de la cueva del Rascano Bird et al. 2022
BM-1452 NA NA NA NA 15173±160 BP 18775–18225 cal BP Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Gonzales Echegaray J. 1981. El Paleolitico superior de la cueva del Rascano Bird et al. 2022
BM-1453 NA bone NA NA 15988±193 BP 19817–18868 cal BP Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Gonzales Echegaray J. 1981. El Paleolitico superior de la cueva del Rascano Bird et al. 2022
BM-1456 NA bone Coelodonta antiquitatis Linty NA NA 29100±1400 BP 36149–30830 cal BP Both [BM-1456 & BM-1456A] averaged: 27240 +/-950 BP. Burleigh R. Matthews K. & Ambers J. 1982 (Radiocarbon 24: 251 [British Museum datelist 14). Straus L. 1999. ERAUL 90: 195. Bird et al. 2022
BM-1456A NA bone Coelodonta antiquitatis Linty NA NA 25657±1287 BP 32750–27251 cal BP Burleigh et al. 1982a Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (20)

Classification Estimated age References
Upper Paleolithic NA Burleigh et al. 1982
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Burleigh et al. 1982
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Burleigh et al. 1982
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Djindjian 2003
Badegoulian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Djindjian 2003
Magdalenian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Djindjian 2003
Magdalenian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA NA
Magdalenian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA NA
Magdalenian NA NA
Epipaleolithic NA NA
Azilian NA NA
Epipaleolithic NA NA
Azilian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{Larsson 2019,
  
}
@misc{Burleigh et al. 1982a,
  
}
@misc{Djindjian 2003,
  
}
@misc{Burleigh et al. 1982,
  
}
@misc{Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris.,
  
}
@misc{Banadora Straus L.G. 2011.QI 242: 328-335.,
  
}
@misc{Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Gonzales Echegaray J.  1981. El Paleolitico superior de la cueva del Rascano,
  
}
@misc{Both [BM-1456 & BM-1456A] averaged: 27240 +/-950 BP.  Burleigh R. Matthews K. & Ambers J. 1982 (Radiocarbon 24: 251 [British Museum datelist 14). Straus L. 1999. ERAUL 90: 195.,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}

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---
:bibtex_key: Larsson 2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Burleigh et al. 1982a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Djindjian 2003
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Burleigh et al. 1982
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur
  en Europe. Armand Colin Paris.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Banadora Straus L.G. 2011.QI 242: 328-335.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Djindjian F. J. Kozlowski & M. Otte 1999. Le Paleolithique superieur
  en Europe. Armand Colin Paris. Gonzales Echegaray J.  1981. El Paleolitico superior
  de la cueva del Rascano
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Both [BM-1456 & BM-1456A] averaged: 27240 +/-950 BP.  Burleigh R. Matthews
  K. & Ambers J. 1982 (Radiocarbon 24: 251 [British Museum datelist 14). Straus L.
  1999. ERAUL 90: 195.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"

Changelog