Site types
Cave and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
048.370° N, 009.730° E
Coordinates (DMS)
048° 22' 00" E, 009° 43' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Germany (DE)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (59)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
KIA-16034 habitat bone, ungulate, humerus NA AMS 35710±360 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-18880 habitat charcoal, Pinus sp. NA AMS 34190±340 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-16035 habitat bone, horse NA AMS 33290±270 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-16036 habitat bone NA AMS 33090±260 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-18879 habitat charcoal NA AMS 31160±1530 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-16039 habitat bone NA AMS 31140±250 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-4600 habitat bone, reindeer, metapodial NA AMS 31100±600 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-18876 habitat charcoal NA AMS 31010±600 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-16040 habitat bone NA AMS 30640±190 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-4601 habitat bone NA AMS 30550±550 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-18877 habitat charcoal NA AMS 30170±250 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-8965 habitat antler, reindeer NA AMS 30010±220 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-16038 habitat bone NA AMS 29840±210 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-18878 habitat charcoal NA AMS 29780±330 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-8964 habitat bone NA AMS 29560±240 BP Conard and Bolus 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-5007 habitat antler NA AMS 29550±650 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-4599 habitat antler, reindeer NA AMS 28920±400 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-4980 habitat charcoal NA AMS 28750±750 BP Street and Terberger 2000 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
OxA-4597 habitat bone, bear NA AMS 28580±460 BP Street and Terberger 2000 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
KIA-17741 habitat antler, reindeer NA AMS 27970±140 BP Conard 2003 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011

typological date Typological dates (76)

Classification Estimated age References
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard 2003
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard and Bolus 2003
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard and Bolus 2003
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard 2003
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard and Bolus 2003
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard 2003
Gravettian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard 2003
Gravettian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Street and Terberger 2000
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Street and Terberger 2000
Gravettian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Conard 2003
Gravettian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Conard 2003,
  
}
@misc{Conard and Bolus 2003,
  
}
@misc{Street and Terberger 2000,
  
}
@misc{Housley et al. 1997,
  
}
@misc{Conard N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.,
  
}
@misc{Conard N.J.  2003. JHE 44: 331-371. Conard N.J. 2003. Nature 426: 832.  Conard N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 3005,
  
}
@misc{Bolus  Arch. Korr 36: 1-15,
  
}
@misc{Vander Linden 2014,
  
}
@misc{CBA Radiocarbon Index,
  
}
@misc{Vermeersch2019,
  
}
@misc{ORAU,
  
}
@misc{Arroba D. 1984. Rivista Ingauna e Intemelia nuova serie nÔøΩ3-4. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Holt S.  2019 QI xxx,
  
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Conard 2003","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Conard and Bolus 2003","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Street and Terberger 2000","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Housley et al. 1997","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Conard N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Conard N.J.  2003. JHE 44: 331-371. Conard N.J. 2003. Nature 426: 832.  Conard N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 3005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bolus  Arch. Korr 36: 1-15","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vander Linden 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CBA Radiocarbon Index","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"ORAU","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Arroba D. 1984. Rivista Ingauna e Intemelia nuova serie nÔøΩ3-4. Higham T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Holt S.  2019 QI xxx","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Conard 2003
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Conard and Bolus 2003
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Street and Terberger 2000
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Housley et al. 1997
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Conard N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Conard N.J.  2003. JHE 44: 331-371. Conard N.J. 2003. Nature 426: 832.  Conard
  N.J. 2009. Nature 459: 249-250.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 3005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bolus  Arch. Korr 36: 1-15'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vander Linden 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CBA Radiocarbon Index
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Vermeersch2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: ORAU
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Arroba D. 1984. Rivista Ingauna e Intemelia nuova serie nÔøΩ3-4. Higham
  T.  2014. Nature 512: 306-309. Holt S.  2019 QI xxx'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog