Site type

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
036.540° N, 004.570° W
Coordinates (DMS)
036° 32' 00" W, 004° 34' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (19)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Ua-17150 habitat NA NA AMS 33690±1195 BP 41033–35960 cal BP Zilhao 2006 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
Ua-18050 habitat NA NA AMS 32770±1065 BP 39896–35200 cal BP Zilhao 2006 “PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database” 2011
AA-34710 NA charcoal NA NA 19990±480 BP 25203–22985 cal BP Cortes M. 2011. Pyrenae 42: 51-75. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3211.1.1 NA molluscs NA NA 43840±490 BP 47094–45250 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M. Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3 2019 207ÔøΩ212. Anderson L. Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3213..3.2 NA molluscs NA NA 38160±230 BP 42474–42170 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M. Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3 2019 207ÔøΩ212. Anderson L. Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3216.3.1 NA bone NA NA 36890±210 BP 42016–41415 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M. Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3 2019 207ÔøΩ212. Anderson L. Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3218.1.2 NA molluscs NA NA 36890±200 BP 42010–41426 cal BP Larsson 2019 Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3822.1.1 NA molluscs NA NA 48410±2420 BP 23980–47035 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M. Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3 2019 207ÔøΩ212. Anderson L. Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3873.1.1 NA molluscs NA NA 37430±570 BP 42456–41270 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3875.1,a NA molluscs NA NA 44020±1290 BP 48790–44421 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3875.1,b NA Bibalvia sp. NA NA 46610±1740 BP 54772–45715 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3881.1.1 NA bone NA NA 42710±1120 BP 47245–43313 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M. Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3 2019 207ÔøΩ212. Anderson L. Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19. Bird et al. 2022
CNA-3882.1.2 NA charcoal NA NA 39270±870 BP 44180–42119 cal BP Vermeersch 2020 Bird et al. 2022
CNA-4168.1.1 NA molluscs NA NA 46890±1810 BP 54979–45980 cal BP Andalucia 1 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-17150 NA soil NA NA 33690±1195 BP 41033–35960 cal BP Kiel DB 2013 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-18050 NA soil NA NA 32770±1065 BP 39896–35200 cal BP Cortes-Sanchez M. 2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026. Bird et al. 2022
Ua-18051 NA charcoal NA NA 29165±725 BP 34855–31680 cal BP Kiel DB 2013 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-18270 NA charcoal NA NA 37005±1790 BP 43925–37773 cal BP Kiel DB 2013 Bird et al. 2022
Ua-28270 NA charcoal NA NA 37005±1790 BP 43925–37773 cal BP Munoz Chacama y Santos 1997 Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (4)

Classification Estimated age References
Upper Paleolithic NA Zilhao 2006
Aurignacian NA NA
Upper Paleolithic NA Zilhao 2006
Aurignacian NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Larsson 2019,
  
}
@misc{Andalucia 1,
  
}
@misc{Kiel DB 2013,
  
}
@misc{Zilhao 2006,
  
}
@article{Vermeersch2020,
  title = {Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included},
  author = {Vermeersch, Pierre M},
  year = {2020},
  month = {aug},
  journal = {Data Brief},
  volume = {31},
  pages = {105793},
  issn = {2352-3409},
  doi = {10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793},
  abstract = {At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.},
  month_numeric = {8}
}
@misc{Cortes M.  2011. Pyrenae 42: 51-75.,
  
}
@misc{Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.,
  
}
@misc{Cortes-Sanchez M.  2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M.  Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3  2019   207ÔøΩ212.  Anderson L.  Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19.,
  
}
@misc{Munoz Chacama y Santos 1997,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Larsson 2019","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Andalucia 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kiel DB 2013","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zilhao 2006","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Vermeersch2020","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}","author":"{Vermeersch, Pierre M}","year":"{2020}","month":"{aug}","journal":"{Data Brief}","volume":"{31}","pages":"{105793}","issn":"{2352-3409}","doi":"{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}","abstract":"{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations, was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated with a \"cultural\" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic, sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database. For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file open) in Google Earth the whole site list in \"My Places\". The database, version 27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data: Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version 26.}","month_numeric":"{8}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Cortes M.  2011. Pyrenae 42: 51-75.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cortes-Sanchez M.  2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M.  Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3  2019   207ÔøΩ212.  Anderson L.  Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Munoz Chacama y Santos 1997","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Larsson 2019
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Andalucia 1
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kiel DB 2013
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Zilhao 2006
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Vermeersch2020
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{Radiocarbon Palaeolithic Europe Database: A Regularly Updated Dataset
    of the Radiometric Data Regarding the Palaeolithic of Europe, Siberia Included}"
  :author: "{Vermeersch, Pierre M}"
  :year: "{2020}"
  :month: "{aug}"
  :journal: "{Data Brief}"
  :volume: "{31}"
  :pages: "{105793}"
  :issn: "{2352-3409}"
  :doi: "{10.1016/j.dib.2020.105793}"
  :abstract: '{At the Berlin INQUA Congress (1995) a working group, European Late
    Pleistocene Isotopic Stages 2 & 3: Humans, Their Ecology & Cultural Adaptations,
    was established under the direction of J. Renault-Miskovsky (Institut de Paléontologie
    humaine, Paris). One of the objectives was building a database of the human occupation
    of Europe during this period. The database has been enlarged and now includes
    Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic sites connecting them to their environmental
    conditions and the available chronometric dating. From version 14 on, only sites
    with chronometric data were included. In this database we have collected the available
    radiometric data from literature and from other more restricted databases. We
    try to incorporate newly published chronometric dates, collected from all kind
    of available publications. Only dates older than 9500 uncalibrated BP, correlated
    with a "cultural" level obtained by scientific excavations of European (Asian
    Russian Federation included) Palaeolithic sites, have been included. The dates
    are complemented with information related to cultural remains, stratigraphic,
    sedimentologic and palaeontologic information within a Microsoft Access database.
    For colleagues mainly interested in a list of all chronometric dates an Microsoft
    Excel list (with no details) is available (Tab. 1). A file, containing all sites
    with known coordinates, that can be opened for immediate use in Google Earth is
    available as a *.kmz file. It will give the possibility to introduce (by file
    open) in Google Earth the whole site list in "My Places". The database, version
    27 (first version was available in 2002), contains now 13,202 site forms, (most
    of them with their geographical coordinates), comprising 17,022 radiometric data:
    Conv. 14C and AMS 14C (13,144 items), TL (678 items), OSL (1050 items), ESR, Th/U
    and AAR (2150 items) from the Lower, Middle and Upper Palaeolithic. All 14C dates
    are conventional dates BP. This improved version 27 replaces the older version
    26.}'
  :month_numeric: "{8}"
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cortes M.  2011. Pyrenae 42: 51-75.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011. PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cortes-Sanchez M.  2008. QSR 27: 2176-2193. Cortes-Sanchez M.  2011.
  PLoS ONE 6/9 e24026.Cortes-Sanchez M.  Nature Ecolog y & Evol ution VOL 3  2019   207ÔøΩ212.  Anderson
  L.  Nature Ecology & Evolution (2019) 15/04/19.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Munoz Chacama y Santos 1997
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"

Changelog