Lambay Island – XRONOS

Site types

Burial, enclosure, and

Location

Map Map with labels Imagery

100 m

Leaflet Tiles © Esri — Source: Esri, i-cubed, USDA, USGS, AEX, GeoEye, Getmapping, Aerogrid, IGN, IGP, UPR-EGP, and the GIS User Community

Coordinates (degrees): 053.490° N, 006.016° W
Coordinates (DMS): 053° 29' 00" W, 006° 00' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166): Ireland (IE)

Lab ID	Context	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	Calibrated age	References
SUERC-4131	C1109. Debitage layer, stratified below sample for SUERC-4129	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	4990±35 BP	5885–5602 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4139	Main area, F37. Polygonal slab setting, stratigraphically later than context of SUERC-4142	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	4910±35 BP	5717–5586 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4132	C1112. Porphyry debitage layer associated wit the production of stone axeheads	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	7965±40 BP	8991–8648 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4129	C1106. Debitage layer, stratified above sample for SUERC-4131	charcoal	Corylus avellana	NA	4925±40 BP	5725–5590 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4142	Main area, F58. Pit	charcoal	Quercus sp. charcoal	NA	5180±45 BP	6165–5758 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4134	Main area, C910. Deliberate deposit of worked flint, charcoal, jasper and other cultural material, stratigraphically later than context SUERC-4142	charcoal	Alnus glutinosa charcoal	NA	4980±40 BP	5885–5598 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
UCD-9826	Main area pit F1. Stratigraphically isolated pit containing rich artefacts assemblage	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	4930±175 BP	6177–5295 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4138	Main area, F25. Linear cut	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	4460±35 BP	5288–4965 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4133	Main area, C904. Deliberate deposit of worked flint, charcoal, jasper and other cultural material	charcoal	Corylus avellana	NA	5170±35 BP	5998–5768 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4130	C1108. Porphyry debitage layer associated wit the production of stone axeheads	charcoal	Prunus sp. charcoal	NA	8070±40 BP	9121–8777 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
SUERC-4141	Main area, F38. Deposit of porphyry debitage and associated sediment in a hollow	charcoal	Alnus glutinosa charcoal	NA	4920±35 BP	5719–5590 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602 Hinz et al. 2012
GrA-24349			NA	NA	310±40 BP	472–295 cal BP	Cahill & Sikora 2011, 595 Chapple 2019
GrA-24349		bone	NA	NA	310±40 BP	472–295 cal BP	Bevan 2017 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4129		charcoal	NA	NA	4925±40 BP	5725–5590 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4130		charcoal	NA	NA	8070±40 BP	9121–8777 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4131		charcoal	NA	NA	4990±35 BP	5885–5602 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4132		charcoal	NA	NA	7965±40 BP	8991–8648 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4133		charcoal	NA	NA	5170±35 BP	5998–5768 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4134		charcoal	NA	NA	4980±40 BP	5885–5598 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022
SUERC-4138		charcoal	NA	NA	4460±35 BP	5288–4965 cal BP	Whittle et al. 2011b 602 Bird et al. 2022

Classification	Estimated age	References
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
middle	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Mesolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig/Final	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
Mig	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Neolithikum	NA	NA
early	NA	Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
Mesolithikum	NA	NA

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b, 602]
No bibliographic information available. [Cahill & Sikora 2011, 595]
Bevan, A. H. (2017). Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate [Data set]. UCL Institute of Archaeology. https://doi.org/10.14324/000.ds.10025178 [Bevan2017]
No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2011b 602]
Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
Chapple, R. M. (2019). Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release) [Data set]. Oculus Obscura Press. https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates [IRDD]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b, 602,
  
}
@misc{Cahill & Sikora 2011, 595,
  
}
@dataset{Bevan2017,
  title = {Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate},
  author = {Bevan, A. H.},
  date = {2017-10-20},
  publisher = {UCL Institute of Archaeology},
  location = {London, UK},
  doi = {10.14324/000.ds.10025178},
  url = {https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  langid = {english}
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2011b 602,
  
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{IRDD,
  title = {Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release)},
  author = {Chapple, Robert M},
  date = {2019},
  publisher = {Oculus Obscura Press},
  location = {Belfast},
  url = {https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011b, 602","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cahill & Sikora 2011, 595","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"Bevan2017","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller, D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate}","author":"{Bevan, A. H.}","date":"{2017-10-20}","publisher":"{UCL Institute of Archaeology}","location":"{London, UK}","doi":"{10.14324/000.ds.10025178}","url":"{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","langid":"{english}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2011b 602","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"IRDD","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August 2019 Release)}","author":"{Chapple, Robert M}","date":"{2019}","publisher":"{Oculus Obscura Press}","location":"{Belfast}","url":"{https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b, 602
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cahill & Sikora 2011, 595
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: Bevan2017
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{Radiocarbon Dataset and Analysis from Bevan, A., Colledge, S., Fuller,
    D., Fyfe, R., Shennan, S. and C. Stevens 2017. Holocene Fluctuations in Human
    Population Demonstrate Repeated Links to Food Production and Climate}"
  :author: "{Bevan, A. H.}"
  :date: "{2017-10-20}"
  :publisher: "{UCL Institute of Archaeology}"
  :location: "{London, UK}"
  :doi: "{10.14324/000.ds.10025178}"
  :url: "{https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10025178/}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :langid: "{english}"
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle et al. 2011b 602
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: IRDD
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{Catalogue of Radiocarbon Determinations & Dendrochronology Dates (August
    2019 Release)}"
  :author: "{Chapple, Robert M}"
  :date: "{2019}"
  :publisher: "{Oculus Obscura Press}"
  :location: "{Belfast}"
  :url: "{https://sites.google.com/site/chapplearchaeology/irish-radiocarbon-dendrochronological-dates}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Linked Data

Radiocarbon dates (24)

Typological dates (22)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR