Lepenski Vir – XRONOS

Site types

Settlement and

Location

Coordinates (degrees): NA
Coordinates (DMS): NA
Country (ISO 3166 ): Serbia (RS)

Lab ID	Context	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	References
OxA-16072	Beneath floor of building 47'	Red deer molar	NA	NA	9850±50 BP	Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-16076	Floor of Building 54	Red deer antler	NA	NA	9750±45 BP	Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-16004	Between floors of Buildings 47 and 47'	Red deer metatarsus	NA	NA	9730±50 BP	Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-25092	Burial 60, adult, male? R femur	Human bone	Homo sapiens	NA	9519±73 BP	Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1
OxA-11715	Burial 60	Human femur	NA	NA	9030±71 BP	Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-16071	Building 26', floor	Red deer modified antler	NA	NA	8855±40 BP	Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-8610	Beneath floor of Building 23	Ungulate long bone	NA	NA	8770±60 BP	Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 192
OxA-11703	Burial 69	Human femur	NA	NA	8740±67 BP	Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193
OxA-25215	Burial 69, adult, male?, L femur	Human bone	Homo sapiens	NA	8694±63 BP	Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1
OxA-16074	Hearth	Red deer antler	NA	NA	8645±40 BP	Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 193
AA-57781	Burial 22, next to hearth a	Human mandible	NA	NA	8374±75 BP	Borić 2011: 193
KN-405	Building 62, timber beam	Charcoal (poss. Quercus sp.)	NA	NA	7430±160 BP	Quitta 1973
OxA-8725	Between floors of Buildings 20 and 33	Fish vertebra	NA	NA	7390±93 BP	Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 193
OxA-11704	Burial 14	Human bone	Homo sapiens	NA	7390±64 BP	Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193
KN-406	Building 27, possibly from hearth	Charcoal	NA	NA	7210±200 BP	Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 194
Bln-704a	Building 36, timber beam	Charcoal (Quercus sp.)	NA	NA	7310±100 BP	Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.
Bln-704b	Building 36, timber beam	Charcoal (Quercus sp.)	NA	NA	7360±100 BP	Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.
Bln-704a + Bln-704b	Building 36, timber beam	Charcoal (Quercus sp.)	NA	NA	7335±71 BP
OxA-11705	Burial 79a, square e/4, spits 11–13	Human scapula	NA	NA	7340±67 BP	Borić 2011: 193, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1
OxA-11697	Burial 54e	Tooth, female adult	NA	NA	7330±51 BP	Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193

Classification	Estimated age	References
Lepenski Vir	NA	NA
unspec.	NA	Hedges et al. 1998b
unspec.	NA	Hedges et al. 1998b
unspec.	NA	Hedges et al. 1998b
unspec.	NA	Hedges et al. 1998b
unspec.	NA	Hedges et al. 1998b

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 192]
No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 192]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta 1973]
No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić 2011: 193, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 197]
No bibliographic information available. [Borić 2011]
No bibliographic information available. [H.Quitta 1973]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall 2015]
No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1998b]
No bibliographic information available. [Borià & Price 2013]
No bibliographic information available. [Silva_VanderLinden_2017]
No bibliographic information available. [14SEA]
Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
No bibliographic information available. [Sapozhnikov I. 2005]
No bibliographic information available. [Quitta 1973 Boric 2011: 194]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric & Price 2013: SI Table 1 Boric 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33]
No bibliographic information available. [Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 202]
No bibliographic information available. [Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 201]
No bibliographic information available. [Whittle 1990 300 Tab. 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bocquet-Appel J.P. & Demars P.Y. 2000. Antiquity 74: 544-52. Pettitt P. 1999. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18: 217-241.]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall C. 2015. Radiocarbon 57: 37]
No bibliographic information available. [Bicho N.F. 1999. Eraul 90: 55.]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1 Boric 2011: 196]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193]
No bibliographic information available. [Lovell 2001]
No bibliographic information available. [Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195]
No bibliographic information available. [Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 193]
http://www.14sea.org/ [14SEA]
Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database. (2011). PaleoAnthropology, 2011, 1–12. [PACEA]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 192,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 192,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Quitta 1973,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.,
  
}
@misc{Borić 2011: 193, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 197,
  
}
@misc{Borić  2011,
  
}
@misc{H.Quitta 1973,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall 2015,
  
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1998b,
  
}
@misc{Borià & Price 2013,
  
}
@misc{Silva_VanderLinden_2017,
  
}
@misc{14SEA,
  
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@misc{Sapozhnikov I. 2005,
  
}
@misc{Quitta 1973 Boric 2011: 194,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric & Price 2013: SI Table 1 Boric 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33,
  
}
@misc{Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 202,
  
}
@misc{Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 201,
  
}
@misc{Whittle 1990 300 Tab. 1,
  
}
@misc{Bocquet-Appel J.P. & Demars P.Y. 2000. Antiquity 74: 544-52. Pettitt P. 1999. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18: 217-241.,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall C.  2015. Radiocarbon 57: 37,
  
}
@misc{Bicho N.F. 1999. Eraul 90: 55.,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1 Boric 2011: 196,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{Lovell 2001,
  
}
@misc{Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195,
  
}
@misc{Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 193,
  
}
@misc{14SEA,
  url = {http://www.14sea.org/},
  note = {Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@article{dErricoEtAl2011,
  title = {PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database},
  author = {},
  date = {2011},
  journaltitle = {PaleoAnthropology},
  volume = {2011},
  pages = {1–12},
  abstract = {Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.},
  keywords = {⛔ No DOI found},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 192","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 192","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta 1973","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić 2011: 193, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić 2011: 197","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borić  2011","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"H.Quitta 1973","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall 2015","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Borià & Price 2013","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Silva_VanderLinden_2017","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}]{"bibtex_key":"Sapozhnikov I. 2005","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quitta 1973 Boric 2011: 194","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric & Price 2013: SI Table 1 Boric 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 202","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 201","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Whittle 1990 300 Tab. 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bocquet-Appel J.P. & Demars P.Y. 2000. Antiquity 74: 544-52. Pettitt P. 1999. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18: 217-241.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall C.  2015. Radiocarbon 57: 37","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bicho N.F. 1999. Eraul 90: 55.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1 Boric 2011: 196","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lovell 2001","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 195","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 193","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://www.14sea.org/}","note":"{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"dErricoEtAl2011","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}","author":"{}","date":"{2011}","journaltitle":"{PaleoAnthropology}","volume":"{2011}","pages":"{1–12}","abstract":"{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820, AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive contextual information on the dated samples.}","keywords":"{⛔ No DOI found}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 192'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 192'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 192'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Quitta 1973
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić 2011: 193, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1,
  Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić
  2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Whittle et al. 2002: 116, Borić 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1,
  Borić 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
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:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 195, Bonsall et al. 2008:
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Borić 2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1, Borić
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Dimitrijević 2007: Table 1, Borić 2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić
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:bibtex_type: :misc
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:bibtex_key: 'Quitta 1973, Borić 2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1,
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić
  2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić 2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall 2008: Table 10.1, Borić 2011:
  196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 41 Table 3, Borić & Price 2013: SI Table 1, Borić
  2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Borić 2011:
  196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta & Kohl 1969: 234f., Bonsall et al. 2000: 123 Table 3, Bonsall
  2008: Table 10.1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1, Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1, Borić
  2011: 197'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Borić  2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: H.Quitta 1973
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bonsall 2015
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Borià & Price 2013
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Silva_VanderLinden_2017
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 14SEA
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
:bibtex_key: Sapozhnikov I. 2005
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quitta 1973 Boric 2011: 194'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bonsall et al. 2008
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric & Price 2013: SI Table 1 Boric
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Higham T. et al. 2007b: S33'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 202'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Boric et al. 2008: Table 1 Boric 2011: 201'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Whittle 1990 300 Tab. 1
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bocquet-Appel J.P. & Demars P.Y. 2000. Antiquity 74: 544-52. Pettitt
  P. 1999. Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18: 217-241.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall C.  2015. Radiocarbon 57: 37'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bicho N.F. 1999. Eraul 90: 55.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric
  2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 38 Table 1 Boric
  2011: 196'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Boric
  2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lovell 2001
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bonsall et al. 2015: 37 Table 1 Bonsall et al. 2008: 178 Table 1 Boric
  2011: 195'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Boric & Dimitrijevic 2007: Table 1 Boric 2011: 193'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: 14SEA
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://www.14sea.org/}"
  :note: "{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database
    for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: dErricoEtAl2011
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{PACEA Geo-Referenced Radiocarbon Database}"
  :author: "{}"
  :date: "{2011}"
  :journaltitle: "{PaleoAnthropology}"
  :volume: "{2011}"
  :pages: "{1–12}"
  :abstract: "{Numerous Paleolithic radiocarbon databases exist, but their geographic
    and temporal scopes are diverse and their availability variable. With this paper
    we make available to the scientific community a georeferenced database of radiocarbon
    ages for the late Middle Paleolithic, Upper Paleolithic, and initial Holocene
    in Europe. The PACEA radiocarbon database consists of conventional and AMS 14C
    age determinations from archaeological sites in Europe that fall within Marine
    Isotope Stages (MIS) 3–1. In all, we have assembled 6,019 radiocarbon ages (conventional=3,820,
    AMS=2,176, unspecified=23) from a total of 1,208 sites, along with comprehensive
    contextual information on the dated samples.}"
  :keywords: "{⛔ No DOI found}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2011/d’Errico_et_al_2011.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Radiocarbon dates (253)

Typological dates (6)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR