Site types
Open air site, plein air, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
034.350° N, 003.480° E
Coordinates (DMS)
034° 21' 00" E, 003° 28' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Tunisia (TN)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (11)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
nd-4 charcoal NA 14C 9170±200 BP 11069–9697 cal BP Christoph Database Weninger 2022
Gif-1221 K16c2 upper charcoal NA NA 7500±220 BP 8975–7862 cal BP RoubetAmara.2016, DaugasEldrissi.2008DonDoc, DaugasELIdrissi.2008Marru, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Roubet.1971Def, Roubet.1969IntDatNeoCap, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Gif-1220 K16f2 lower charcoal NA NA 9170±200 BP 11069–9697 cal BP CalPal, RoubetAmara.2016, Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
ALG-13 K11-K12e: 30-40 cm deep shell (terrestrial) NA NA 8900±280 BP 10735–9299 cal BP Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
ALG-12 K11-K12c: 20-30 cm deep shell (terrestrial) NA NA 9300±300 BP 11265–9564 cal BP Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Alg-?? coquille NA LSC (scintillation) 8900±280 BP 10735–9299 cal BP Grébénart 1969 p. 188 Perrin 2021
Gif-1220 charbon NA LSC (scintillation) 9170±200 BP 11069–9697 cal BP Grébénart 1969 p. 188 Perrin 2021
Alg-? coquille Helix LSC (scintillation) 9300±300 BP 11265–9564 cal BP Grébénart 1969 p. 188 Perrin 2021
Gif-1221 charbon NA LSC (scintillation) 7500±220 BP 8975–7862 cal BP Grébénart 1969 p. 188 Perrin 2021
ALG-13 shell (terrestrial) NA NA 8900±280 BP 10735–9299 cal BP Linstadter.2008Transit Bird et al. 2022
Gif-1221 charcoal NA NA 7500±220 BP 8975–7862 cal BP MedAfriCarbon Bird et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (14)

Classification Estimated age References
Epipalaeolithic NA Christoph Database
Upper Capsian? NA NA
Neolithic of Capsian Tradition NA RoubetAmara.2016, DaugasEldrissi.2008DonDoc, DaugasELIdrissi.2008Marru, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Roubet.1971Def, Roubet.1969IntDatNeoCap, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Upper Capsian NA CalPal, RoubetAmara.2016, Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Upper Capsian NA Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Upper Capsian NA Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
Mésolithique 2 NA Grébénart 1969 p. 188
Capsien supérieur NA NA
Mésolithique 2 NA Grébénart 1969 p. 188
Capsien supérieur NA NA
Mésolithique 2 NA Grébénart 1969 p. 188
Capsien supérieur NA NA
Néolithique NA Grébénart 1969 p. 188
NTC NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Christoph Database,
  
}
@misc{RoubetAmara.2016, DaugasEldrissi.2008DonDoc, DaugasELIdrissi.2008Marru, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Roubet.1971Def, Roubet.1969IntDatNeoCap, Grebenart.1969AinNaga,
  
}
@misc{CalPal, RoubetAmara.2016, Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Grebenart.1969AinNaga,
  
}
@misc{Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga,
  
}
@misc{Grébénart 1969 p. 188,
  
}
@misc{Linstadter.2008Transit,
  
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/3689716},
  note = {Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}
}
@dataset{BDA,
  title = {Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)},
  author = {Perrin, Thomas},
  date = {2021-02-03},
  publisher = {NAKALA},
  doi = {10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  url = {https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.},
  langid = {french}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Christoph Database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"RoubetAmara.2016, DaugasEldrissi.2008DonDoc, DaugasELIdrissi.2008Marru, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Roubet.1971Def, Roubet.1969IntDatNeoCap, Grebenart.1969AinNaga","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal, RoubetAmara.2016, Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Grebenart.1969AinNaga","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Grébénart 1969 p. 188","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linstadter.2008Transit","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}","note":"{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"}][{"bibtex_key":"BDA","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}","author":"{Perrin, Thomas}","date":"{2021-02-03}","publisher":"{NAKALA}","doi":"{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","url":"{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}","langid":"{french}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Christoph Database
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: RoubetAmara.2016, DaugasEldrissi.2008DonDoc, DaugasELIdrissi.2008Marru,
  VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2,
  CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII, Roubet.1971Def, Roubet.1969IntDatNeoCap,
  Grebenart.1969AinNaga
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal, RoubetAmara.2016, Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron,
  Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI,
  Camps.1974TablChron2, CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, DelibriasGuillier.1972GIFVII,
  Grebenart.1969AinNaga
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Linstadter.2008Transit, Rahmani.2004NouvChron, Rahmani.2004Techn, VernetAumassip.1992Inv14C,
  LubellSheppard.1991Maghreb, Gragueb.1983IberoGobert, Close.1980CurResRecI, Camps.1974TablChron2,
  CampsDelibrias.1973ChroCiv, RahmouniRoussillot.1970AlgiersI, Grebenart.1969AinNaga
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Grébénart 1969 p. 188
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Linstadter.2008Transit
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}"
  :note: "{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto,
    Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database
    and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700
    BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"
---
- :bibtex_key: BDA
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}"
  :author: "{Perrin, Thomas}"
  :date: "{2021-02-03}"
  :publisher: "{NAKALA}"
  :doi: "{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :url: "{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological
    Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}"
  :langid: "{french}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog