Site types
Rock shelter, rock shelter, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
034.999° N, 002.537° W
Coordinates (DMS)
034° 59' 00" W, 002° 32' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Morocco (MA)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (54)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
Col-2373.1.1 INES-7 charred seed NA AMS 5326±38 BP 6265–5997 cal BP Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2376.1.1 INES-7 charred seed NA AMS 5644±40 BP 6496–6311 cal BP Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2372.1.1 INES-7 charred seed NA AMS 5832±37 BP 6739–6505 cal BP Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2374.1.1 INES-6 charred seed NA AMS 5779±38 BP 6660–6494 cal BP Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2371.1.1 INES-6 charred seed NA AMS 5975±38 BP 6930–6678 cal BP Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2377.1.1 INES-5 charred seed NA AMS 6288±40 BP 7311–7085 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396666 INES-4 charred seed NA AMS 7760±30 BP 8595–8453 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396672 INES-4 charred seed NA AMS 7820±30 BP 8638–8545 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2381.1.1 INES-4 charred seed NA AMS 7835±45 BP 8848–8480 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396670 INES-4 charred seed NA AMS 7980±30 BP 8993–8658 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396665 INES-3 charred seed NA AMS 8380±30 BP 9478–9310 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396667 INES-3 charred seed NA AMS 8660±30 BP 9675–9543 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2380.1.1 INES-3 charred seed NA AMS 8719±42 BP 9889–9546 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Col-2378.1.1 INES-3 charred seed NA AMS 8729±46 BP 9890–9549 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-396671 INES-3 charred seed NA AMS 8800±30 BP 10110–9691 cal BP LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Beta-341126 NA seed Hordeum vulgare 14C 400±30 BP 513–325 cal BP Christoph Database Weninger 2022
Beta-341127 NA seed Hordeum vulgare 14C 100±30 BP 267–21 cal BP Christoph Database Weninger 2022
Beta-396665 NA charcoal Pinus 14C 8380±30 BP 9478–9310 cal BP Linstädter 2015, 2016 Weninger 2022
Beta-396666 NA seed/fruit Pistacia lentiscus 14C 7760±30 BP 8595–8453 cal BP Linstädter 2015, 2016 Weninger 2022
Beta-396667 NA olive stone Olea 14C 8660±30 BP 9675–9543 cal BP Linstädter 2015, 2016 Weninger 2022

typological date Typological dates (37)

Classification Estimated age References
Early Neolithic C NA Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Neolithic C NA Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Neolithic C NA Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Neolithic B NA Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Neolithic B NA Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Neolithic A NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Late Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Late Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Late Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Late Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Early Epipalaeolithic NA LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
Islamic NA Christoph Database
Islamic NA Christoph Database
Epipalaeolithic NA Linstädter 2015, 2016
Epipalaeolithic NA Linstädter 2015, 2016
Epipalaeolithic NA Linstädter 2015, 2016

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{SFB Project 2012 results received 2015 Janet Rathemeyer,
  
}
@misc{Christoph Database,
  
}
@misc{Linstädter 2015, 2016,
  
}
@misc{Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid,
  
}
@misc{Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin,
  
}
@misc{LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin,
  
}
@misc{LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono,
  
}
@misc{LinstÔøΩdter 2015 2016,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{MedAfriCarbon,
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/3689716},
  note = {Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}
}
{"bibtex_key":"SFB Project 2012 results received 2015 Janet Rathemeyer","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Christoph Database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Linstädter 2015, 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"LinstÔøΩdter 2015 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"MedAfriCarbon","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}","note":"{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto, Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700 BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: SFB Project 2012 results received 2015 Janet Rathemeyer
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Christoph Database
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Linstädter 2015, 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Martinez-SanchezVera-Rodriguez.2018TheMid, LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono,
  LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono, LinstadterBroich.2016Defin
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: LinstadterKehl.2016Chrono
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: LinstÔøΩdter 2015 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: MedAfriCarbon
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/3689716}"
  :note: "{Lucarini, Giulio, Wilkinson, Toby, Crema, Enrico R., Palombini, Augusto,
    Bevan, Andrew, & Broodbank, Cyprian. (2020). The MedAfriCarbon radiocarbon database
    and web application. Archaeological dynamics in Mediterranean Africa, ca. 9600-700
    BC [Data set]. In Journal of Open Archaeology Data (1.0.3). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3689716}"

Changelog