Çatalhöyük East

Site types

Central anatolia, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees): 037.666° N, 032.828° E
Coordinates (DMS): 037° 39' 00" E, 032° 49' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166 ): Türkiye (TR)

Lab ID	Context	Material	Taxon	Method	Uncalibrated age	References
OxA-16799	phase VI, North Area; building 1, unit 1959	bone	Homo sapiens	NA	7707±44 BP	Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-16800	phase VI, North Area; building 1, unit 1960	bone	Homo sapiens	NA	7704±45 BP	Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-27087	Phase Pre XII.A, Space 181, unit 4867, midden	bone	Ovis	NA	8000±40 BP	Reingruber and Thissen 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9892	Pre XII.C;unit 5317; phase Pre-XII.C, South Area; unit 5317; level pre XII.C; South Area, unit 5317, space 181, burning event	seeds (charred)	Lens	NA	8150±50 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9943	unassigned;unit 6013; KOPAL 2, unit 6013; Kopal	grain (charred)	Triticum	NA	7910±55 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9944	unassigned;unit 6075; KOPAL 3, unit 6075; Kopal	grain (charred)	Triticum	NA	7975±50 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9947	Level XII;unit 4822; phase XII, South Area; unit 4822; level XII; South Area, unit 4822, space 199, penning deposit	grain (charred)	Hordeum	NA	7985±50 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9948	Level XII;unit 4826; phase XII, South Area; unit 4826; level XII; South Area, unit 4826, space 199, burning event	grain (charred)	Hordeum	NA	8090±50 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9950	Pre XII.B;unit 5276; phase Pre-XII.B, South Area; unit 5276; level pre XII.B; South Area, unit 5276, space 181, lime burning	grain (charred)	Pisum/Triticum	NA	8030±50 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9980	unassigned;unit 6020; KOPAL 1, unit 6020; ; Kopal	grain (charred)	Triticum	NA	7955±75 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-X-1084-08	North Area; building 1, unit 1378; building 1, phase 5B; North Area, unit 1378, skeleton	charcoal	Homo sapiens	NA	7330±75 BP	Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-X-2054-06	North Area; building 1, unit 2527; nd; nd	charcoal	Homo sapiens	NA	7291±38 BP	Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-769	Level VIA;shrine E.VI.25; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; shrine E.VI.25; level VIA; South Area, E.VI.A.25, unknown context, probably storage bin	grain	Poaceae	NA	7505±93 BP	Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-770	Level VI;A.VI.1, roof beam; phase VIB, 1960s excavations; roof beam in A.VI.1; level VI (B?); South Area, A.VI.1, roofbeam	charcoal	Quercus	NA	7912±94 BP	Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
PL-9800521A	building 1, phase 3; North Area, unit 2142, fill of posthole	grain (charred)	Poaceae	NA	7820±90 BP	Cessford 2005; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
PL-9800522A		grain (charred)	Poaceae	NA	7830±90 BP	Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
PL-9800562A	unit 1416, floor sequence, building 1; Level VI; unit 1416, floor sequence, building 1	grain (charred)	Poaceae	NA	7640±90 BP	CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
PL-9800563A	level VII; South Area, space 112, hearth base	grain (charred)	Poaceae	NA	7760±90 BP	Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
PL-980511A	Level VIII;space 151, unit 1883 building fill; phase IX-VIII, South Area; space 151, unit 1883 building fill; level VIII; South Area, building 4, space 151, building fill	grain (charred)	Poaceae	NA	7800±100 BP	Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
OxA-9775		charred seeds Triticumsp.	NA	NA	8090±55 BP	Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1 Bird et al. 2022

Classification	Estimated age	References
LN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Bronk Ramsey 2009
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 723
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 723
?	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 719
EPN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 719
EPN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 719
PPN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 719
PPN	NA	NA
Neolithic	NA	Cressford 2001, 719
PPN	NA	NA

Bibliographic references

No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 70]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, 337, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 69]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f.]
No bibliographic information available. [Mellaart 1975: 285, Mellaart 1964: 116]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 86]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 92]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 723, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 92]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 723, Cessford 2005: 92, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 94]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 94]
No bibliographic information available. [Marciniak et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Newton and Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a]
No bibliographic information available. [?]
No bibliographic information available. [Thissen et al. 2004-2006]
No bibliographic information available. [Cressford 1998, Thissen 2002a]
No bibliographic information available. [Cressford 1998, Cressford 2001, Thissen 2002a]
No bibliographic information available. [Cressford 2001, 723]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Cressford 2001, 719]
No bibliographic information available. [Cressford 2001, 917]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 156]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 155]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 154]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 192]
No bibliographic information available. [Mellaart 1975, 285]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191f.]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191]
No bibliographic information available. [CONTEXT, CalPal, Bronk-Ramsey et al. 2009]
No bibliographic information available. [Marciniak and Czerniak 2007: Fig. 2]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project]
No bibliographic information available. [Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Reingruber and Thissen 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009: Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969; Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project]
No bibliographic information available. [Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; CalPal; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Bronk Ramsey et. al. 2009; CalPal]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Marciniak et al. 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Marciniak and Czerniak 2007; Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Flohr et al. 2016]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 94]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 86]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 92]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 723 Cessford 2005: 92 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 723 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340]
No bibliographic information available. [Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116]
No bibliographic information available. [Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116]
No bibliographic information available. [Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1]
No bibliographic information available. [Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70]
No bibliographic information available. [Saulieu et al. 2017]
No bibliographic information available. [Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3]
http://www.14sea.org/ [14SEA]
Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Lawrence, D., & Shennan, S. (2022). The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP. 10(0), 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.90 [NERD]
Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]

@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 70,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, 337, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 69,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f.,
  
}
@misc{Mellaart 1975: 285, Mellaart 1964: 116,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 86,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 92,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 723, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 92,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 723, Cessford 2005: 92, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 94,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 94,
  
}
@misc{Marciniak et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Newton and Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{?,
  
}
@misc{Thissen et al. 2004-2006,
  
}
@misc{Cressford 1998, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Cressford 1998, Cressford 2001, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Cressford 2001, 723,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey 2009,
  
}
@misc{Cressford 2001, 719,
  
}
@misc{Cressford 2001, 917,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 156,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 155,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 154,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 192,
  
}
@misc{Mellaart 1975, 285,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191f.,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191,
  
}
@misc{CONTEXT, CalPal, Bronk-Ramsey et al. 2009,
  
}
@misc{Marciniak and Czerniak 2007: Fig. 2,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Reingruber and Thissen 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009: Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969; Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project,
  
}
@misc{Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; CalPal; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Bronk Ramsey et. al. 2009; CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Marciniak et al. 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Marciniak and Czerniak 2007; Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Flohr et al. 2016,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 94,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 86,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 92,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 723 Cessford 2005: 92 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 723 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340,
  
}
@misc{Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116,
  
}
@misc{Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116,
  
}
@misc{Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70,
  
}
@misc{Saulieu et al. 2017,
  
}
@misc{Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3,
  
}
@misc{14SEA,
  url = {http://www.14sea.org/},
  note = {Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 70","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, 337, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 69","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1975: 285, Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 86","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 92","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 92","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723, Cessford 2005: 92, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 94","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 94","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Newton and Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"?","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Thissen et al. 2004-2006","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cressford 1998, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cressford 1998, Cressford 2001, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cressford 2001, 723","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cressford 2001, 719","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cressford 2001, 917","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 156","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 155","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 154","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 192","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1975, 285","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191f.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT, CalPal, Bronk-Ramsey et al. 2009","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak and Czerniak 2007: Fig. 2","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Reingruber and Thissen 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009: Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969; Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; CalPal; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Bronk Ramsey et. al. 2009; CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak et al. 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak and Czerniak 2007; Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 94","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 86","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 92","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723 Cessford 2005: 92 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Saulieu et al. 2017","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://www.14sea.org/}","note":"{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]

---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 70'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336,
  Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, 337, Bayliss et al.
  2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335,
  Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116, Bayliss et al.
  2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Göktürk et al. 2002
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 69'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f.'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mellaart 1975: 285, Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 86'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338, 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 92'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 723, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 92'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 723, Cessford 2005: 92, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 94'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 94'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Marciniak et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Newton and Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: "?"
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Thissen et al. 2004-2006
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cressford 1998, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cressford 1998, Cressford 2001, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cressford 2001, 723
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey 2009
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cressford 2001, 719
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cressford 2001, 917
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 156
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 155
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, 154
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 192
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Mellaart 1975, 285
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191f.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Ralph 1965, 191
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CONTEXT, CalPal, Bronk-Ramsey et al. 2009
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Marciniak and Czerniak 2007: Fig. 2'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber
  and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and
  Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
  Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal;
  Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen
  2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et
  al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Cessford 2005; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
  Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Clare and Weninger 2014; CalPal; Brami and
  Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
  Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Reingruber and Thissen 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2001
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey et al. 2002 and 2009; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber
  and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber
  and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey 2009: Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
  CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber
  and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969; Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami
  and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr
  et al. 2016; TAY Project
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; CalPal; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
  Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Bronk Ramsey et. al. 2009; CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Marciniak et al. 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Marciniak and Czerniak 2007; Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr
  et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 94'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 86'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 92'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 723 Cessford 2005: 92 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 723 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss
  et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss
  et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015:
  Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Saulieu et al. 2017
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: 14SEA
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://www.14sea.org/}"
  :note: "{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database
    for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

Added coordinates (from openstreetmap.org)

XRONOS development team 2023-12-20 14:41:49 UTC

Lat:

NA → 37.66613

Lng:

NA → 32.82814

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR

XRONOS development team 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC

Location

Radiocarbon dates (866)

Typological dates (334)

Bibliographic references

Changelog

Added coordinates (from openstreetmap.org)

Imported from source database via c14bazAAR