Site types
Central anatolia, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
037.666° N, 032.828° E
Coordinates (DMS)
037° 39' 00" E, 032° 49' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Türkiye (TR)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (866)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
P-1364 Level VIB;E.VIB.70, burnt post; phase VIB, 1960s excavations; burnt post in E.VIB.70; level VIB; South Area, E.VI.B.70, post charcoal Ulmus NA 7936±98 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1365 Level VIA;E.VIA.70, ladder; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; ladder in E.VIA.70; level VIA; South Area, E.VI.A.70, ladder charcoal Juniperus NA 7729±80 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1366 Level VII;shrine E.VIII.45, fill; phase VIII, 1960s excavations; shrine E.VIII.45 fill; level VII/VIII; South Area, E.VIII.45, building fill charcoal NA NA 7684±90 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1367 Level VIII;shrine E.VIII.45, hearth; phase VIII, 1960s excavations; shrine E.VIII.45 hearth; level VIII; South Area, E.VIII.45, hearth charcoal Quercus NA 7853±97 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1369 Level X;court E.X.29, fill; phase X, 1960s excavations; court fill, E.X.29; level X; South Area, E.X.29, midden charcoal NA NA 7937±109 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1370 Level X;room E.X.28, hearth; phase X, 1960s excavations; room E.X.28 hearth; level X; South Area, E.X.28, hearth charcoal Ulmus NA 8036±104 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1371 Level X;court E.X.29, fill; phase X, 1960s excavations; court fill, E.X.29; level X; South Area, E.X.29, midden charcoal NA NA 7844±102 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1372 Level X;court E.X.29, fill; phase X, 1960s excavations; court fill, E.X.29; level X; South Area, E.X.29, midden bone/charcoal Ulmus NA 7915±85 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1374 Level XII;room E.XII.29, fill; phase XII, 1960s excavations; room E.XII.29 fill; level XII; South Area, E.XII.29, building fill charcoal Ulmus NA 7757±92 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-1375 Level VI;E.VI.25, burnt post; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; burnt post in E.VI.25; level VI (A?); South Area, E.VI.25, post charcoal Ulmus NA 7661±99 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-769 Level VIA;shrine E.VI.25; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; shrine E.VI.25; level VIA; South Area, E.VI.A.25, unknown context, probably storage bin grain Poaceae NA 7505±93 BP Cessford 2005; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
P-770 Level VI;A.VI.1, roof beam; phase VIB, 1960s excavations; roof beam in A.VI.1; level VI (B?); South Area, A.VI.1, roofbeam charcoal Quercus NA 7912±94 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-772 Level VI;E.VI.1, post; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; post in E.VI.1; level VI (A?); South Area, E.VI.25, post charcoal Quercus NA 7572±91 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-774 level III; South Area, A.III.1 charcoal NA NA 7531±94 BP Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-775 Level IV;E.IV.4, centre of post; phase IV, 1960s excavations; centre of post in E.IV.4; level IV; South Area, E.IV.1, post charcoal Juniperus NA 8037±96 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-776 Level VI;E.V.4, post; phase V, 1960s excavations; post in E.V.4; level V; South Area, E.V.4, post charcoal Juniperus NA 7640±91 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-777 Level VIB;E.VI.10, post; phase VIB, 1960s excavations; post in E.VI.10; level VIB; South Area, E.VI.B.10, post charcoal Juniperus NA 7704±91 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-778 Level VII;room E.VII.24; phase VIA, 1960s excavations; room E.VII.24; level VII; South Area, E.VII.24, unknown context, probably storage bin grain Poaceae NA 7538±89 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022
P-779 G1:22; Level IX;room E.IX.8, floor and fill; phase IX, 1960s excavations; room E.IX.8 floor and fill; level IX; South Area, E.IX.8, floor and fill charcoal NA NA 8190±99 BP Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016 Palmisano et al. 2022
AA-18104 Level IV; phase IV, BACH Area; C-TU-CTL-A; level IV; South Area, E.IV.1, post charcoal Juniperus NA 8065±50 BP Cessford 2005; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016; TAY Project Palmisano et al. 2022

typological date Typological dates (334)

Classification Estimated age References
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
EPN NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
? NA NA
Neolithic NA ?
PPN NA NA

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@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
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  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}

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Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Saulieu et al. 2017","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://www.14sea.org/}","note":"{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
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:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss
  et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015:
  Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Saulieu et al. 2017
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: 14SEA
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://www.14sea.org/}"
  :note: "{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database
    for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog

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