Site types
Central anatolia, plein air, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
038.350° N, 034.230° E
Coordinates (DMS)
038° 20' 00" E, 034° 13' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Türkiye (TR)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (294)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrN-19858 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8770±90 BP 10147–9547 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19866 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8560±40 BP 9550–9484 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-18617 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8730±45 BP 9890–9550 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103. Perrin 2021
GrN-19363 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8675±25 BP 9675–9547 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19360 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8695±25 BP 9685–9552 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19359 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8570±70 BP 9695–9443 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19358 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8550±70 BP 9680–9435 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19116 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8920±50 BP 10205–9895 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19120 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8815±70 BP 10163–9562 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19118 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8760±45 BP 9902–9555 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19119 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8760±40 BP 9899–9557 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-18618 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8725±50 BP 9891–9547 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19870 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8720±80 BP 10118–9536 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-18620 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8720±55 BP 9892–9546 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19860 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8720±50 BP 9890–9546 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-20352 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8720±40 BP 9887–9548 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19117 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8710±130 BP 10160–9494 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19115 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8710±100 BP 10145–9531 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-20354 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8710±70 BP 10108–9537 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021
GrN-19861 phase 2 charbon NA NA 8670±60 BP 9888–9534 cal BP Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999. Perrin 2021

typological date Typological dates (292)

Classification Estimated age References
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, zba?aran 2000, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, zba?aran 2000, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Todd 1968a, Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA
ACN NA Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
Aceramic NA NA

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

@misc{Stiner 2014,
  
}
@misc{Quade 2014,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, 76f.,
  
}
@misc{TAY, CONTEXT, CalPal,
  
}
@misc{Özbaşaran 2011,
  
}
@misc{Todd 1968a, 157,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, zba?aran 2000, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Todd 1968a, Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a,
  
}
@misc{Todd 1968, 157 ; Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969, 153.,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999.,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103.,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998.,
  
}
@misc{Quade et al. 2014: Table 1,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999 Özbasaran 2000: 139,
  
}
@misc{Groningen 14C database,
  
}
@misc{Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Groningen 14C database,
  
}
@misc{Özbasaran 2011: 31,
  
}
@misc{Kuniholm 1999,
  
}
@misc{Todd 1968: 157 Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 153,
  
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
  url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
  note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@dataset{BDA,
  title = {Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)},
  author = {Perrin, Thomas},
  date = {2021-02-03},
  publisher = {NAKALA},
  doi = {10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  url = {https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.},
  langid = {french}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Stiner 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quade 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, 76f.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"TAY, CONTEXT, CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Özbaşaran 2011","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Todd 1968a, 157","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, zba?aran 2000, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Todd 1968a, Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Todd 1968, 157 ; Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969, 153.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998.","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Quade et al. 2014: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999 Özbasaran 2000: 139","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Groningen 14C database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Groningen 14C database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Özbasaran 2011: 31","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Kuniholm 1999","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Todd 1968: 157 Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 153","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"BDA","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}","author":"{Perrin, Thomas}","date":"{2021-02-03}","publisher":"{NAKALA}","doi":"{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","url":"{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}","langid":"{french}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Stiner 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Quade 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, 76f.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: TAY, CONTEXT, CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Özbaşaran 2011
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Todd 1968a, 157
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, zba?aran 2000, Thissen
  2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Esin and Harmankaya 1999, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, Esin 1998, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Todd 1968a, Stuckenrath and Lawn 1969, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kuniholm 1999, Thissen 2002a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Todd 1968, 157 ; Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969, 153.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103 ; Esin & Harmankaya 1999.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998, 103.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Esin 1995, 76f ; Esin 1998.
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Quade et al. 2014: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Esin & Harmankaya 1999 Özbasaran 2000:
  139'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Groningen 14C database
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Esin 1995: 75-6 Esin 1998: 103 Groningen 14C database'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Özbasaran 2011: 31'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Kuniholm 1999
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Todd 1968: 157 Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 153'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
  :note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
    https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: BDA
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}"
  :author: "{Perrin, Thomas}"
  :date: "{2021-02-03}"
  :publisher: "{NAKALA}"
  :doi: "{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :url: "{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological
    Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}"
  :langid: "{french}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

Changelog