Site types
Central anatolia, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
037.666° N, 032.828° E
Coordinates (DMS)
037° 39' 00" E, 032° 49' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Türkiye (TR)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (866)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
PL-980525A core ÇH94A, alluviated dump? charcoal (unidentified) NA NA 8390±90 BP Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
AA-27982 core ÇH94A, alluviated dump? charcoal (unidentified) NA NA 8195±80 BP Göktürk et al. 2002, Cessford 2005: 70, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
PL-980525A + AA-27982 core ÇH94A, alluviated dump? charcoal (unidentified) NA NA 8283±60 BP Cessford 2005: 70
OxA-9893 Space 181, unit 5329, alluviated dump charred seeds, Triticum / Pisum/ Cerealae NA NA 8155±50 BP Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-13807 Space 181, unit 5328, midden Celtis silicified/calcified seed NA NA 8000±38 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
UCIAMS-109995 Space 181, unit 5328, midden Animal bone, humerus lamb/kid NA NA 8020±30 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-23252 Space 181, unit 5328, midden Animal bone, sheep/goat metatarsal NA NA 8199±36 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-13806 Space 181, unit 5237, midden Celtis silicified/calcified seed NA NA 7914±40 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-12107 Space 181, unit 5324, alluviated dump Celtis silicified/calcified seed NA NA 7904±38 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-9778 Space 181, unit 5324, alluviated dump charred seeds, Triticum dicoccum NA NA 8240±55 BP Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
UCIAMS-109994 Space 181, unit 5323, midden Animal bone, sheep/goat humerus NA NA 8210±30 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-11267 Space 181, unit 5323, midden Celtis silicified/calcified seed NA NA 7990±50 BP Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, 337, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-9777 Space 181, unit 5323, midden charred seeds, Lens NA NA 8160±50 BP Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-9892 Space 181, unit 5317, 'fire spot' charred seeds, Lens NA NA 8150±50 BP Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
UCIAMS-109993 Space 181, unit 5316, midden Animal bone, sheep phalanges NA NA 8160±30 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-13870 Space 181, unit 5315, midden Celtis silicified/calcified seed NA NA 8170±45 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-23251 Space 181, unit 5308, midden Animal bone, goat axis and cervical vertebra NA NA 8137±36 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-9776 Space 181, unit 5292, fill of scoop charred seeds, Scirpus NA NA 7985±55 BP Cessford 2001: 719, Cessford 2005: 70, Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
UCIAMS-109992 Space 181, unit 5283, midden Animal bone, sheep phalanges NA NA 8030±30 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
OxA-23250 Space 181, unit 5283, midden Animal bone, sheep/goat metacarpal and phalanx NA NA 8085±36 BP Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1

typological date Typological dates (334)

Classification Estimated age References
EN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
EN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116, Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1
EN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
EN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
EN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
EN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
EN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Lawn 1969: 154ff.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f.
LN NA Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f., Mellaart 1964: 116

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references

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@misc{14SEA,
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@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}
@article{NERD,
  title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
  shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
  author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
  date = {2022-02-22},
  volume = {10},
  number = {0},
  pages = {2},
  publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
  issn = {2049-1565},
  doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
  url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
  urldate = {2023-09-07},
  abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
  issue = {0},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
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CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak et al. 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Marciniak and Czerniak 2007; Brami 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 94","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 86","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 92","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723 Cessford 2005: 92 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 723 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 341","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 335 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 70 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2001: 719 Cessford 2005: 70 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 336 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015: Table 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Göktürk et al. 2002 Cessford 2005: 70","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Saulieu et al. 2017","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"14SEA","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://www.14sea.org/}","note":"{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]
---
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---
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---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009; CalPal; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
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---
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---
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---
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---
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---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2015; Brami and Zanotti 2015; Reingruber and Thissen 2016; Flohr
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Brami and Zanotti 2015; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016
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---
:bibtex_key: Cessford 2005; CalPal; Clare and Weninger 2014; Brami and Zanotti 2015;
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---
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---
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---
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---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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---
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---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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  et al. 2015: Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 85 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 338 340'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Cessford 2005: 86 Bronk Ramsey et al. 2009: 337'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Mellaart 1975: 285 Mellaart 1964: 116'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Stuckenrath & Ralph 1965: 191f. Mellaart 1964: 116 Bayliss et al. 2015:
  Table 1'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
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:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'Clist 2018: 238 Tab. 18.1 239 Tab. 18.3'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: 14SEA
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :url: "{http://www.14sea.org/}"
  :note: "{Reingruber, A., and Thissen, L. (2017). The 14SEA Project: A 14C database
    for Southeast Europe and Anatolia (10,000–3000 calBC). Updated 2017-01-31. http://www.14sea.org/index.html}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
    Cal. Yr. BP}"
  :shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
  :author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
  :date: "{2022-02-22}"
  :volume: "{10}"
  :number: "{0}"
  :pages: "{2}"
  :publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
  :issn: "{2049-1565}"
  :doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
  :url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
  :urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
  :abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
    largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
    East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
    It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
    comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
    databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
    reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
    the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
    Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
    Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
    newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
  :issue: "{0}"
  :langid: "{american}"
  :file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"

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