Site types
Grave, grave (inhumation), settlement, settlement, and

Location

Coordinates (degrees)
037.729° N, 002.512° W
Coordinates (DMS)
037° 43' 00" W, 002° 30' 00" N
Country (ISO 3166)
Spain (ES)

radiocarbon date Radiocarbon dates (111)

Lab ID Context Material Taxon Method Uncalibrated age Calibrated age References
GrN-5597 Phase IIa charcoal NA NA 3920±60 BP 4520–4155 cal BP Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62 Hinz et al. 2012
GrN-5596 Phase IIa charcoal NA NA 3920±35 BP 4505–4241 cal BP Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62 Hinz et al. 2012
GrN-5598 Phase IIc charcoal NA NA 3833±35 BP 4403–4098 cal BP Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62 Hinz et al. 2012
GrN-5764 Phase IIc NA organisch NA 3800±35 BP 4349–4017 cal BP Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62 Hinz et al. 2012
Ua-39402 double tomb 6 collagen, bone female NA 3500±35 BP 3870–3648 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39412 double tomb 22 collagen, bone juvenil NA 3525±33 BP 3888–3699 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39420 double burial in pit CV-30, adult female collagen, bone female NA 3780±32 BP 4243–4010 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
GrN-5594 Argaric dry-stone chamber with wooden posts, adult female wood wooden post NA 3735±55 BP 4245–3910 cal BP Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39407 child burial in pithos collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 3709±41 BP 4219–3925 cal BP Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39401 double tomb 6 collagen, bone male NA 3488±34 BP 3840–3646 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39413 double tomb 22 collagen, bone juvenil NA 3433±30 BP 3823–3579 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1 Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39419 double burial in pit CV-30, adult male collagen, bone male NA 3802±30 BP 4290–4090 cal BP Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Ua-39421 pit burial CV-14, seperate from double burial 30a-b, child collagen, bone Homo sapiens NA 3785±33 BP 4285–4010 cal BP Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix Kneisel, Hinz, and Rinne 2014
Beta-124533 NA charcoal Pinus, Quercus C14 3780±60 BP 4401–3981 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124534 NA charcoal Pinus C14 3500±70 BP 3968–3575 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124535 NA charcoal Pinus C14 3600±60 BP 4085–3722 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124536 NA charcoal Pinus C14 3720±100 BP 4405–3834 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124537 NA charcoal Pinus C14 3550±60 BP 4061–3645 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124538 NA charcoal Quercus C14 3580±70 BP 4085–3693 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022
Beta-124539 NA charcoal Pinus, Quercus C14 3920±40 BP 4510–4239 cal BP Balsera Weninger 2022

typological date Typological dates (13)

Classification Estimated age References
Glockenbecher NA Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62
Glockenbecher NA Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62
Glockenbecher NA Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62
Glockenbecher NA Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62
Neolithic NA Balsera
Bell Beaker NA NA
Bell Beaker NA Balsera
Neolithic NA Balsera
Bell Beaker NA NA
Bell Beaker NA Balsera
Neolithic NA Balsera
Bell Beaker NA NA
Glockenbecher NA Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62

Bibliographic reference Bibliographic references 

@misc{Balsera,
  
}
@misc{Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62,
  
}
@misc{Balsera et al. 2015,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@misc{Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@misc{Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@misc{Müller/van Willingen 2001 62,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@misc{Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix,
  
}
@article{p3k14c,
  title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
  author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
  year = {2022},
  month = {jan},
  journal = {Scientific Data},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2052-4463},
  doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
  abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
  copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
  month_numeric = {1}
}
@article{RADON,
  title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
  author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
  date = {2012},
  journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
  volume = {14},
  pages = {1–4},
  url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
  abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
  title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
  author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
  date = {2014},
  url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
  abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@misc{CalPal,
  title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
  author = {Weninger, Bernie},
  year = {2022},
  month = {sep},
  doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
  url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
  abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
  copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
  howpublished = {Zenodo},
  month_numeric = {9}
}

{"bibtex_key":"Balsera","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Balsera et al. 2015","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Müller/van Willingen 2001 62","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}]
---
:bibtex_key: Balsera
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Müller/van Willingen 2001, 62
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Balsera et al. 2015
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2013, 4629, tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015, 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Balsera et al. 2015; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Müller/van Willingen 2001 62
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2013 4629 tab. 1; Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lull et al. 2015 398-407 Appendix
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
  :author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
    and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
    Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
    Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
    and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
    Jacob}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{jan}"
  :journal: "{Scientific Data}"
  :volume: "{9}"
  :number: "{1}"
  :pages: "{27}"
  :publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
  :issn: "{2052-4463}"
  :doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
  :abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
    prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
    projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
    regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
    research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
    across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
    sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
    comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
    data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
    composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
    sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
    radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
    of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
    two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
    database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
    modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
  :copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
  :langid: "{english}"
  :keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
  :month_numeric: "{1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
  :bibtex_type: :article
  :title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
    Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
  :author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
    Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
  :date: "{2012}"
  :journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
  :volume: "{14}"
  :pages: "{1–4}"
  :url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
  :abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
    dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
    of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
    2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
    still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
    it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
    that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
    sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
    but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
    results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
    g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
    approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
    we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
    been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
    data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
    is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
  :bibtex_type: :dataset
  :title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014).  Database for European
    14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
  :author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
  :date: "{2014}"
  :url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
  :abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
    time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
    from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
    factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
    features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
    in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
    to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
  :bibtex_type: :misc
  :title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
  :author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
  :year: "{2022}"
  :month: "{sep}"
  :doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
  :url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
  :abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
    for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
  :copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
  :howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
  :month_numeric: "{9}"

Changelog