ʿAin Ghazal
Archaeological site
in Jordan
- Also known as
-
- Ain Ghazal
- عين غزال AR
Record created in XRONOS on 2022-12-02 00:50:45 UTC.
Last updated on 2023-12-21 16:23:25 UTC.
See changelog for details.
Contributors: XRONOS development team, Joe Roe
Contributors: XRONOS development team, Joe Roe
Location
Radiocarbon dates
(306)
Typological dates
(304)
| Classification | Estimated age | References |
|---|---|---|
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson et al. 1992, 445 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | NA |
| PPNC | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | NA |
| PPNC | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson et al. 1992, 445 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson 1998b, 9 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson 1998b, 9 |
| Yarmoukian | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson 1998b, 9 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson 1998b, 9 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Rollefson 1998b, 9 |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
| Neolithic | NA | Lee Database |
| PPNB | NA | NA |
Bibliographic references
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992, 445]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998b, 9]
- No bibliographic information available. [Lee Database]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1985, 111]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1985]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson and Simmons 1988, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1985, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Hedges et al. 1987, Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Hedges et al. 1989, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Waterbolk 1994, Rollefson 1998b]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998a]
- No bibliographic information available. [Böhner/Schyle 2002-2006]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benz 2014;Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [CalPal; Hinz et al. 2012: http://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de/samples/7172]
- No bibliographic information available. [Keller et al. 2012; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benz 2014; CalPal; Rollefson and Simmons 1988; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992; Housley 1994; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1985; Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016]
- No bibliographic information available. [Benz 2014; CalPal]
- No bibliographic information available. [base SAPRO]
- No bibliographic information available. [base ASPRO]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1992 445]
- No bibliographic information available. [CALPAL]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson 1998b 9]
- No bibliographic information available. [PPND]
- No bibliographic information available. [Zielhofer et al. 2012]
- No bibliographic information available. [Riehl et al. 2012]
- No bibliographic information available. [Rollefson et al. 1985 111]
- Weninger, B. (2022). CalPal Edition 2022.9. Zenodo. https://doi.org/1010.5281/zenodo.7422618 [CalPal2022]
- http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php [CONTEXT]
- Hinz, M., Furholt, M., Müller, J., Raetzel-Fabian, D., Rinne, C., Sjögren, K.-G., & Wotzka, H.-P. (2012). RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age. Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 14, 1–4. https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116 [RADON]
- Kneisel, J., Hinz, M., & Rinne, C. (2014). RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age [Data set]. https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de [RADON-B]
- Palmisano, A., Bevan, A., Lawrence, D., & Shennan, S. (2022). The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP. 10(0), 2. https://doi.org/10.5334/joad.90 [NERD]
- Perrin, T. (2021). Base de Données Archéologique (BDA) [Data set]. NAKALA. https://doi.org/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8 [BDA]
- Bird, D., Miranda, L., Vander Linden, M., Robinson, E., Bocinsky, R. K., Nicholson, C., Capriles, J. M., Finley, J. B., Gayo, E. M., Gil, A., d’Alpoim Guedes, J., Hoggarth, J. A., Kay, A., Loftus, E., Lombardo, U., Mackie, M., Palmisano, A., Solheim, S., Kelly, R. L., & Freeman, J. (2022). P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates. Scientific Data, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7 [p3k14c]
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992, 445,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998b, 9,
}
@misc{Lee Database,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1985, 111,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1985,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson and Simmons 1988, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1985, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Hedges et al. 1987, Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Hedges et al. 1989, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Waterbolk 1994, Rollefson 1998b,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998a,
}
@misc{Böhner/Schyle 2002-2006,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Benz 2014;Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{CalPal; Hinz et al. 2012: http://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de/samples/7172,
}
@misc{Keller et al. 2012; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Benz 2014; CalPal; Rollefson and Simmons 1988; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992; Housley 1994; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1985; Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016,
}
@misc{Benz 2014; CalPal,
}
@misc{base SAPRO,
}
@misc{base ASPRO,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1992 445,
}
@misc{CALPAL,
}
@misc{Rollefson 1998b 9,
}
@misc{PPND,
}
@misc{Zielhofer et al. 2012,
}
@misc{Riehl et al. 2012,
}
@misc{Rollefson et al. 1985 111,
}
@misc{CalPal,
title = {CalPal Edition 2022.9},
author = {Weninger, Bernie},
year = {2022},
month = {sep},
doi = {1010.5281/zenodo.7422618},
url = {https://zenodo.org/record/7422618},
abstract = {CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.},
copyright = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access},
howpublished = {Zenodo},
month_numeric = {9}
}
@misc{CONTEXT,
url = {http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php},
note = {Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}
}
@article{RADON,
title = {RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.},
author = {Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter},
date = {2012},
journaltitle = {Journal of Neolithic Archaeology},
volume = {14},
pages = {1–4},
url = {https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116},
abstract = {In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}
}
@dataset{RADON-B,
title = {RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age},
author = {Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe},
date = {2014},
url = {https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de},
abstract = {The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}
}
@article{NERD,
title = {The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP},
shorttitle = {The NERD Dataset},
author = {Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen},
date = {2022-02-22},
volume = {10},
number = {0},
pages = {2},
publisher = {Ubiquity Press},
issn = {2049-1565},
doi = {10.5334/joad.90},
url = {https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90},
urldate = {2023-09-07},
abstract = {To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.},
issue = {0},
langid = {american},
file = {/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}
}
@dataset{BDA,
title = {Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)},
author = {Perrin, Thomas},
date = {2021-02-03},
publisher = {NAKALA},
doi = {10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
url = {https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8},
urldate = {2023-09-07},
abstract = {Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.},
langid = {french}
}
@article{p3k14c,
title = {P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates},
author = {Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob},
year = {2022},
month = {jan},
journal = {Scientific Data},
volume = {9},
number = {1},
pages = {27},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
issn = {2052-4463},
doi = {10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7},
abstract = {Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.},
copyright = {2022 The Author(s)},
langid = {english},
keywords = {Archaeology,Chemistry},
month_numeric = {1}
}
{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992, 445","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998b, 9","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Lee Database","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1985, 111","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1985","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson and Simmons 1988, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1985, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Hedges et al. 1987, Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Hedges et al. 1989, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Waterbolk 1994, Rollefson 1998b","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998a","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Böhner/Schyle 2002-2006","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benz 2014;Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CalPal; Hinz et al. 2012: http://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de/samples/7172","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Keller et al. 2012; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benz 2014; CalPal; Rollefson and Simmons 1988; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992; Housley 1994; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1985; Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Flohr et al. 2016","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Benz 2014; CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"base SAPRO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"base ASPRO","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1992 445","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"CALPAL","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson 1998b 9","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"PPND","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Zielhofer et al. 2012","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Riehl et al. 2012","bibtex_type":"misc"}{"bibtex_key":"Rollefson et al. 1985 111","bibtex_type":"misc"}[{"bibtex_key":"CalPal","bibtex_type":"misc","title":"{CalPal Edition 2022.9}","author":"{Weninger, Bernie}","year":"{2022}","month":"{sep}","doi":"{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}","url":"{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}","abstract":"{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}","copyright":"{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}","howpublished":"{Zenodo}","month_numeric":"{9}"}][{"bibtex_key":"CONTEXT","bibtex_type":"misc","url":"{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}","note":"{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database. https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}","author":"{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian, Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}","date":"{2012}","journaltitle":"{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}","volume":"{14}","pages":"{1–4}","url":"{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}","abstract":"{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller 2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy, still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level, it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates, but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e. g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia – is collected and successively augmented.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"RADON-B","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European 14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}","author":"{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}","date":"{2014}","url":"{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}","abstract":"{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"}][{"bibtex_key":"NERD","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500 Cal. Yr. BP}","shorttitle":"{The NERD Dataset}","author":"{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}","date":"{2022-02-22}","volume":"{10}","number":"{0}","pages":"{2}","publisher":"{Ubiquity Press}","issn":"{2049-1565}","doi":"{10.5334/joad.90}","url":"{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP). It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape, Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with newly published radiocarbon dates.}","issue":"{0}","langid":"{american}","file":"{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"}][{"bibtex_key":"BDA","bibtex_type":"dataset","title":"{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}","author":"{Perrin, Thomas}","date":"{2021-02-03}","publisher":"{NAKALA}","doi":"{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","url":"{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}","urldate":"{2023-09-07}","abstract":"{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}","langid":"{french}"}][{"bibtex_key":"p3k14c","bibtex_type":"article","title":"{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}","author":"{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth, Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman, Jacob}","year":"{2022}","month":"{jan}","journal":"{Scientific Data}","volume":"{9}","number":"{1}","pages":"{27}","publisher":"{Nature Publishing Group}","issn":"{2052-4463}","doi":"{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}","abstract":"{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale, comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}","copyright":"{2022 The Author(s)}","langid":"{english}","keywords":"{Archaeology,Chemistry}","month_numeric":"{1}"}]---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992, 445
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998b, 9
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Lee Database
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1985, 111
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1985
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson and Simmons 1988, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1985, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Hedges et al. 1987, Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Hedges et al. 1989, Rollefson
et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson and Simmons 1987, Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992, Housley 1994, Waterbolk 1994, Rollefson 1998b
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992, Rollefson 1998a
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Böhner/Schyle 2002-2006
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al.
2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et
al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998; Benz 2014; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Benz 2014;Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: 'CalPal; Hinz et al. 2012: http://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de/samples/7172'
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Keller et al. 2012; Benz 2014; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Benz 2014; CalPal; Rollefson and Simmons 1988; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher
et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Benz 2014; Rollefson et al. 1992; CalPal; Maher et al. 2011; Flohr et
al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992; Housley 1994; Rollefson 1998; Maher et al. 2011;
Flohr et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1985; Rollefson et al. 1992; Benz 2014; CalPal; Flohr
et al. 2016
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Benz 2014; CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: base SAPRO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: base ASPRO
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1992 445
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: CALPAL
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson 1998b 9
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: PPND
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Zielhofer et al. 2012
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Riehl et al. 2012
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
:bibtex_key: Rollefson et al. 1985 111
:bibtex_type: :misc
---
- :bibtex_key: CalPal
:bibtex_type: :misc
:title: "{CalPal Edition 2022.9}"
:author: "{Weninger, Bernie}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{sep}"
:doi: "{1010.5281/zenodo.7422618}"
:url: "{https://zenodo.org/record/7422618}"
:abstract: "{CalPal is scientific freeware for 14C-based chronological research
for Holocene and Palaeolithic Archaeology.}"
:copyright: "{Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, Open Access}"
:howpublished: "{Zenodo}"
:month_numeric: "{9}"
---
- :bibtex_key: CONTEXT
:bibtex_type: :misc
:url: "{http://context-database.uni-koeln.de/index.php}"
:note: "{Schyle, D. & Böhner, U. 2006. Near Eastern radiocarbon CONTEXT database.
https://doi.org/10.1594/GFZ.CONTEXT.ED1}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{RADON - Radiocarbon Dates Online 2012. Central European Database of 14C
Dates for the Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age.}"
:author: "{Hinz, Martin and Furholt, Martin and Müller, Johannes and Raetzel-Fabian,
Dirk and Rinne, Christophe and Sjögren, Karl-Göran and Wotzka, Hans-Peter}"
:date: "{2012}"
:journaltitle: "{Journal of Neolithic Archaeology}"
:volume: "{14}"
:pages: "{1–4}"
:url: "{https://www.jna.uni-kiel.de/index.php/jna/article/view/65/116}"
:abstract: "{In order to understand the dynamics of cultural phenomena, scientific
dating in archaeology is an increasingly indispensable tool. Only by dating independently
of typology is it possible to understand typological development itself (Müller
2004). Here radiometric dating methods, especially those based on carbon isotopy,
still play the most important role. For evaluations exceeding the intra-site level,
it is particularly important that such data is collected in large numbers and
that the dates are easily accessible. Also, new statistical analyses, such as
sequential calibration based on Bayesian methods, do not require single dates,
but rather demand a greater number. By their combination significantly more elaborate
results can be achieved compared to the results from conventional evaluation (e.
g. Whittle et al. 2011). A second premise of RADON is that of „Open Access“. This
approach continues to be applied in the international research community, which
we welcome as a highly positive development. The radiocarbon database RADON has
been committed to this principle for more than 12 years. In this database 14C
data – primarily of the Neolithic of Central Europe and Southern Scandinavia –
is collected and successively augmented.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: RADON-B
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{RADON-B – Radiocarbon Dates Online (Version 2014). Database for European
14C Dates for the Bronze and Early Iron Age}"
:author: "{Kneisel, Jutta and Hinz, Martin and Rinne, Christophe}"
:date: "{2014}"
:url: "{https://radon-b.ufg.uni-kiel.de}"
:abstract: "{The database provides a quick overview of 14C dates from Europe. The
time frame was limited to the Bronze and Early Iron Ages and covers the period
from 2300 BC to 500 BC. The database can be searched by geographic or chronological
factors, but also according to the nature of the sample material, the sites or
features. The data and related information were taken from the literature cited
in each case, and due to the timing of phases and culture assignment, are subject
to change. We therefore assume no responsibility for the accuracy of source data.}"
---
- :bibtex_key: NERD
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{The NERD Dataset: Near East Radiocarbon Dates between 15,000 and 1,500
Cal. Yr. BP}"
:shorttitle: "{The NERD Dataset}"
:author: "{Palmisano, Alessio and Bevan, Andrew and Lawrence, Dan and Shennan, Stephen}"
:date: "{2022-02-22}"
:volume: "{10}"
:number: "{0}"
:pages: "{2}"
:publisher: "{Ubiquity Press}"
:issn: "{2049-1565}"
:doi: "{10.5334/joad.90}"
:url: "{https://openarchaeologydata.metajnl.com/articles/10.5334/joad.90}"
:urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
:abstract: "{To our knowledge, the dataset described in this paper represents the
largest existing repository of uncalibrated radiocarbon dates for the whole Near
East from the Late Pleistocene to the Late Holocene (15,000 – 1,500 cal. yr. BP).
It is composed of 11,027 radiocarbon dates from 1,023 sites that have been collected
comprehensively by cross-checking multiple sources (extant digital archives and
databases, edited volumes, monographs, journals papers, archaeological excavation
reports, etc.) under the umbrella of the Leverhulme Trust funded project “Changing
the Face of the Mediterranean” and of the ERC project “CLASS – Climate, Landscape,
Settlement and Society: Exploring Human-Environment Interaction in the Ancient
Near East”. This is an ongoing dataset that will be updated step by step with
newly published radiocarbon dates.}"
:issue: "{0}"
:langid: "{american}"
:file: "{/home/joeroe/g/work/library/2022/Palmisano_et_al_2022.pdf}"
---
- :bibtex_key: BDA
:bibtex_type: :dataset
:title: "{Base de Données Archéologique (BDA)}"
:author: "{Perrin, Thomas}"
:date: "{2021-02-03}"
:publisher: "{NAKALA}"
:doi: "{10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
:url: "{https://nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.dde9fnm8}"
:urldate: "{2023-09-07}"
:abstract: "{Exports in .xlsx format of the main tables of the BDA database (Archaeological
Database), available here https://bda.huma-num.fr/ in Filemaker Pro format.}"
:langid: "{french}"
---
- :bibtex_key: p3k14c
:bibtex_type: :article
:title: "{P3k14c, a Synthetic Global Database of Archaeological Radiocarbon Dates}"
:author: "{Bird, Darcy and Miranda, Lux and Vander Linden, Marc and Robinson, Erick
and Bocinsky, R. Kyle and Nicholson, Chris and Capriles, José M. and Finley, Judson
Byrd and Gayo, Eugenia M. and Gil, Adolfo and d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade and Hoggarth,
Julie A. and Kay, Andrea and Loftus, Emma and Lombardo, Umberto and Mackie, Madeline
and Palmisano, Alessio and Solheim, Steinar and Kelly, Robert L. and Freeman,
Jacob}"
:year: "{2022}"
:month: "{jan}"
:journal: "{Scientific Data}"
:volume: "{9}"
:number: "{1}"
:pages: "{27}"
:publisher: "{Nature Publishing Group}"
:issn: "{2052-4463}"
:doi: "{10.1038/s41597-022-01118-7}"
:abstract: "{Archaeologists increasingly use large radiocarbon databases to model
prehistoric human demography (also termed paleo-demography). Numerous independent
projects, funded over the past decade, have assembled such databases from multiple
regions of the world. These data provide unprecedented potential for comparative
research on human population ecology and the evolution of social-ecological systems
across the Earth. However, these databases have been developed using different
sample selection criteria, which has resulted in interoperability issues for global-scale,
comparative paleo-demographic research and integration with paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental
data. We present a synthetic, global-scale archaeological radiocarbon database
composed of 180,070 radiocarbon dates that have been cleaned according to a standardized
sample selection criteria. This database increases the reusability of archaeological
radiocarbon data and streamlines quality control assessments for various types
of paleo-demographic research. As part of an assessment of data quality, we conduct
two analyses of sampling bias in the global database at multiple scales. This
database is ideal for paleo-demographic research focused on dates-as-data, bayesian
modeling, or summed probability distribution methodologies.}"
:copyright: "{2022 The Author(s)}"
:langid: "{english}"
:keywords: "{Archaeology,Chemistry}"
:month_numeric: "{1}"